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The kinetics of pyrite oxidation by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria were studied in different conditions of reaction (different size of pyrite sample relative to the leaching medium, medium pH and temperature). A model of the kinetics of the process has been proposed according to which it can be described by an autocatalytic reaction of order II, i.e. I order with respect to pyrite iron and I order with respect to the forming Fe(III) ions. On the basis of this model the rate constants and induction times of the reactions taking place in different conditions have been determined. The results obtained within the model enable us to show the optimum conditions of microbiological oxidation of pyrite.
Kinetics of the process of microbiological oxidation of synthetic CuS performed with the involvement of pure and mixed cultures of T. ferrooxidans and T. lluooxidans bacteria were studied. The CuS oxidation with T. ferrooxidans bacteria was found to be best described by the model of inhibition of the first order with respect to the substrate and the product-inhibitor, while the process with T. thiooxidans and mixed cultures of these bacteria is best described by the first order reaction with respect to the substrate. It was also shown that the adaptation of the bacteria to the CuS tested significantly shortens the induction period and increases reaction rates. The optimum conditions of CuS oxidation were established. The yield of the reaction was established as ca. 30% and an increase in the reaction rate was observed when using mixed cultures of T. feirooxidans i T. thiooxidans bacteria adapted to CuS at 35ºC, in the medium containing 1 % (wt./vol.) CuS at the initial pH of the medium of 1.82.
The ferrous sulphate, which is a waste product in titanium white production at the Chemical Plant "Police" S.A., was subjected to microbiological oxidation with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria. The kinetic parameters of the culture growth were calculated on the basis of the Monod equation. The process was found to be best described by the model of the autocatalytic 1st order reaction with respect to the product and 1st order reaction with respect to the substrate. The effect of temperature and pH on the course of the process was studied. The kinetics of oxidation of ferrous ions coming from the waste ferrous sulphate was studied in the process with laboratory bacteria strain as well as the strain adapted to the waste product and compared with that of pure substrate oxidation. Analysis of the precipitates formed during microbiological oxidation of the waste ferrous sulphate proved that (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6 with the admixture of NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 are formed.
This paper reports results of studies on the influence of the crystallographic mineral structure on the process of pyrite and marcasite leaching. Kinetic studies show that the crystallographic structure of minerals like FeS2 type does not influence the efficiency of the process.
The use of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria in the process of copper and iron leaching from chalcopyrite coming from Kotlina Klodzka was investigated. The influence of the mineral content in the leaching solution the pH value and refinement of chalcopyrite on the subsequent stages of leaching was established. The process was described by the 1st order reaction inhibited by one of the products (Cu2+). Assuming this model, the kinetic parameters of leaching were determined.
Metabolic activities of the museum and autochthonous strains of T. ferrooxidans bacteria, growing at temperatures 5, 10, 30 and 40°C in a liquid culture medium adjusted to pH 1.55, 1.8 or 2.3, were compared. The analysis of the dynamics of ferrous ion oxidation as well as bioextraction rate of titanium contained in wastes resulting from mining and burning lignite was carried out. The autochthonous bacteria proved to be less susceptible to temperature changes and medium acidity than the museum bacteria.
The influence of fly ash from the "Karolin" heat and power producing plant in Poznan on the kinetics of processes taking place with involvement of the bacteria Desulfotomaculum ruminis and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has been studied under laboratory conditions. The results indicate that the presence of fly ash has an inhibitory effect on the processes related to the microbiological conversion cycle of sulphur compounds and can be used as biocides in the processes of microbiological corrosion of materials.
The effect of glutaraldehyde (GA) in different concentrations on microbiological activities of Bacillus licheniformis, Desulfotomaculum ruminis and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria used in the processes of denitrification, desulfurication and iron (II) oxidation, respectively, has been tested. For the sake of comparison, the effect of formaldehyde (FA) on the activities of the same organisms in the same conditions has been studied. The tolerated and toxic concentrations of the aldehydes were determined.
These studies concern the effect of the concentration of MMPP (magnesium monoperoxyphtalate), a compound used (among others) in hygiene products (Lonzabac-MP) on the kinetics of microbiological processes involving the following species of bacteria: Bacillus licheniformis (denitrification), Desulfotomaculum ruminis (desulfurication) and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (oxidation of iron II ions and reduced sulphur compounds). Results enabled determination of the microbiological activity of MMPP and the limits of its admissible and toxic (inhibiting transformation cycles of sulphur and nitrogen) concentrations.
The course of thiosulphate oxidation by selected strains of autotrophic bacteria Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans as well as mixotrophic bacteria Sulfobacillus sp. and Siderocapsa sp. was analysed. Hexathionate and trithionate were found to be main intermediate compounds in iron-free solutions containing T. ferrooxidans, Sulfobacillus sp. or Siderocapsa sp., whereas tetrathionate was found in systems with T. thiooxidans. Tetrathionates were commonly present in iron-containing solutions inoculated with all tested strains. Chemical and biochemical processes, occurring within tested solutions, are discussed. Ferrous ion concentration > 0.02 g/dm3 was found to have inhibiting effect on the rate of biotic oxidation of thiosulphate.
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