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Cacao swollen shoot virus detection and DNA barcoding of its vectors and putative vectors in Theobroma cacao L. by using polymerase chain reaction

100%

Obok E. E., Aikpokpodion P. O., Ani O. C., Allainguillaume J., Wetten A.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2021

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tom 102

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nr 3

2

Assessment of the value of doubled haploids as progenitors in cocoa [Theobroma cacao L.] breeding

100%

Sounigo O., Lachenaud P., Bastide P., Cilas C., N'Goran J., Lanaud C.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2003

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tom 44

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nr 3

3

Identifying cocoa marketing system (Theobroma Cacao L.) at Utcubamba and Bagua provinces in the region of Amazonas-Peru

84%

Castaneda Chavez V. M., Huayama Sopla P. M., Rituay Trujillo P. A.

Economic and Regional Studies

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2018

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tom 11

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nr 4

Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the study was to identify the marketing system of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) traditionally used by producers in the provinces of Utcubamba and Bagua in the Amazonas region in Peru. Materials and methods: The study was conducted by means of the diagnostic survey method, using direct interviews with a specified population that consisted of 90 producers out of a total of 1239 affiliates grouped in 3 agricultural organizations. The study was developed in 2017. Results: The cocoa marketing system in the Amazonas region is related to the traditionally used forms and methods of production as well as to the agents involved in it. Conclusions: The cocoa marketing system identified in the provinces under study is a free market governed by laws of supply and demand with the sale of the product to intermediaries mainly in its fresh state and as raw material.

4

Ziarno kakaowe - pochodzenie, odmiany, gatunki

84%

Swiechowski C.

Przegląd Piekarski i Cukierniczy

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2000

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tom 48

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nr 01

45-47

5

Assessment of public relations among certified and non-certified cocoa marketers in Ondo state, Nigeria

84%

Salau S. A., Agbede T. B.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Economics

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2020

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tom 23

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nr 4

6

Co-occurrence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolates in cushion galls disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

84%

Castillo,del D. S., Parra D., Noceda C., Perez-Martinez S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2016

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tom 56

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nr 2

Flowery cushion gall of cacao is a disease complex with six types. Fusarium decemcellulare have been isolated from both flowery and green point galls and recognized as the etiological agent of the disease. In the present work we: i) identified by ITS-rDNA sequencing and/or taxonomy the cultivable fungal species or Operative Taxonomic Units (OTUs) associated with the five symptoms of cushion galls in cacao from Venezuela, and ii) determined the gall inducing capacity on cacao peeled seeds after 45 days of inoculation with suspensions of mycelia/ spores from distinct isolate types. The whole isolate collection rendered an abundance of 113 isolates with a richness of 39 OTUs (27) and eight identified at the species or genera levels, respectively, and in unidentified fungi. The dominant recovered species (≈36%) were F. decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Some isolates of F. decemcellulare, L. theobromae, F. equiseti, Fusarium spp., F. solani, F. incarnatum, Rhizocthonia solani and Penicillium sp. were pathogenic. Some other isolates of the first six mentioned taxa behave as non-pathogenic. Furthermore, pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates can also co-occur within a single plant and gall type. Moreover, 2–5 species within a single gall symptom in a single tree were identified (not necessarily at the same point in the tree), indicating a broad diversity of co-occurring taxa.

7

Assessing the temporal stability of spatial patterns of soil apparent electrical conductivity using geophysical methods

84%

De Caires S. A., Wuddivira M. N., Bekele I.

International Agrophysics

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2014

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tom 28

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nr 4

Cocoa remains in the same field for decades, resulting in plantations dominated with aging trees growing on variable and depleted soils. We determined the spatio-temporal variability of key soil properties in a (5.81 ha) field from the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad using geophysical methods. Multi-year (2008-2009) measurements of apparent electrical conductivity at 0-0.75 m (shallow) and 0.75-1.5 m (deep) were conducted. Apparent electrical conductivity at deep and shallow gave the strongest linear correlation with clay-silt content (R = 0.67 and R = 0.78, respectively) and soil solution electrical conductivity (R = 0.76 and R = 0.60, respectively). Spearman rank correlation coefficients ranged between 0.89-0.97 and 0.81-0.95 for apparent electrical conductivity at deep and shallow, respectively, signifying a strong linear dependence between measurement days. Thus, in the humid tropics, cocoa fields with thick organic litter layer and relatively dense understory cover, experience minimal fluctuations in transient properties of soil water and temperature at the topsoil resulting in similarly stable apparent electrical conductivity at shallow and deep. Therefore, apparent electrical conductivity at shallow, which covers the depth where cocoa feeder roots concentrate, can be used as a fertility indicator and to develop soil zones for efficient application of inputs and management of cocoa fields.

8

Ziarno kakaowe. Historia, pochodzenie, uprawa, odmiany

84%

Krysiak W.

Cukiernictwo i Piekarstwo

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2005

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tom 09

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nr 03

72-74

9

Aspekty surowcowe, technologiczne i mikrobiologiczne produkcji proszku kakaowego

84%

Trojanowska K., Trojan E.

Przemysł Spożywczy

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1999

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tom 53

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nr 12

42-45

W artykule omówiono zagadnienia związane z produkcją proszku kakaowego. W ponad 35 krajach uprawia się drzewo kakaowe. Od producentów ziarna kakaowego, a przede wszystkim od właściwie przeprowadzonej fermentacji ziarna po zbiorze, zależy wytworzenie w ziarnie specyficznych prekursorów aromatu i barwy. Te związki, podczas procesu technologicznego, a głównie podczas prażenia, nadają charakterystyczną barwę oraz unikalny aromat czekoladowy. Przebieg procesu technologicznego ma także wpływ na stan mikrobiologiczny proszku kakaowego. Problemem jest często zbyt wysoka liczba tlenowych laseczek przetrwalnikujących w produkcie końcowym.

10

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in dried cocoa

84%

Abiodun Olaniran O., Oyerinde Ajiboye E., Abiodun Adebayo T., Adelani Babarinde S., Omolola Adedosu H., Olulakin Adesina G.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2016

|

tom 54

Organochlorine pesticide residues in dried cocoa beans from selected towns in Ondo and Osun States, Nigeria were determined. Four towns Ondo and Idanre (Ondo State) and Ife and Ilesa (Osun State) were selected to represent cocoa producing areas in the states. Samples were extracted and cleaned-up on silica gel adsorbent. Pesticide residues were detected using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Five organochlorine pesticides were detected in the samples from Ondo state which includes alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, delta-HCH, endrin and p p’ DDT. The levels of p p’ DDT (0.108 mg/kg and 0.107 mg/kg) detected in samples from Ondo and Idanre towns were lower than the EU MRL (0.5 mg/kg), while other detected organochlorine pesticide residues from the State were higher than the EU MRL. In Osun State, alpha-HCH, lindane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor-epoxide, endosulfan I and p p’ DDT were organochlorine pesticide residues detected, with lindane (0.074 mg/kg), endosulfan I (0.099 mg/kg) and p p’ DDT (0.235 mg/kg) being lower than EU MRLs. Higher levels of organochlorine pesticide residues than the EU MRLs suggest that the produce were not safe for human consumption because of the tendency of the pestsides to persist for a long period of time and as well bioaccumulate within the environment. The produce can also face trade threat in international market. Measures were suggested to ameliorate this situation.

11

Determination of some physical and sensory properties of milk, dark and white chocolate at different storage temperatures

67%

Cagindi O., Otles S.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Food Science and Technology

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2007

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tom 10

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nr 4

12

Niepewna przyszłość czekolady

67%

Schmitz H., Schapiro H. Y.

Świat Nauki

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2012

|

nr 03

13

Ach ten smak... ach ten zapach...

67%

Falencka-Jablonska M.

Głos Lasu

|

2007

|

nr 12

42-44

14

Slodkogorzka historia

67%

Leszczynska A.

Wiedza i Życie

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2006

|

nr 12

6-11

15

Przysmak swiata. [II]

67%

Kolanowski W.

Przegląd Gastronomiczny

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2004

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tom 58

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nr 11

17-18

16

Micro-climate conditions, weed diversity, flowering and yield of young cacao plants as affected by shade regimes

67%

Babadele F. I., Agele S. O.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2021

|

tom 81

17

Influence of varying rates of fertilizers on the performance of cacao (Theobroma cacao) seedlings in the nursery

67%

Famuwagun I. B., Oladitan T. O.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2016

|

tom 58

Effects of application of poultry manure, organo-mineral fertilizer, NPK soil or foliar applied at varying rates on cacao seedlings were studied in the nursery between January-May 2011 and December to April, 2012. Poultry manure at 40, 50 and 60g/plant significantly influenced cacao seedlings height and number of leaves over other treatments. The effect of organo-mineral fertilizer application at 50 and 60g per plant on the number of leaves was also significantly better than NPK soil or foliar applied, starting from 12 weeks after treatment application. The stem girth development under poultry manure at 50 and 60g per plant application had the best performance followed by poultry manure at 40g per plant. There were no significant differences in almost all the treatments at 5 weeks after sowing on seedlings stem girth. NPK has the longest tap root length while poultry manure had the largest average number of lateral roots followed by organo-mineral. The results thereby indicated that the use of poultry manure at 40 to 50g per plant and organomineral fertilizer as sources of nutrients had significant effects on cacao seedling quality.

18

Rosliny egzotyczne w naszej kuchni

59%

Seratowicz B.

Działkowiec

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2002

|

nr 06

12-14

19

Kakao

59%

Moraszczyk M.

Kuchnia. Magazyn dla Smakoszy

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2002

|

nr 02

38-40

Ograniczanie wyników

Cacao swollen shoot virus detection and DNA barcoding of its vectors and putative vectors in Theobroma cacao L. by using polymerase chain reaction

Assessment of the value of doubled haploids as progenitors in cocoa [Theobroma cacao L.] breeding

Identifying cocoa marketing system (Theobroma Cacao L.) at Utcubamba and Bagua provinces in the region of Amazonas-Peru

Ziarno kakaowe - pochodzenie, odmiany, gatunki

Assessment of public relations among certified and non-certified cocoa marketers in Ondo state, Nigeria

Co-occurrence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolates in cushion galls disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Assessing the temporal stability of spatial patterns of soil apparent electrical conductivity using geophysical methods

Ziarno kakaowe. Historia, pochodzenie, uprawa, odmiany

Aspekty surowcowe, technologiczne i mikrobiologiczne produkcji proszku kakaowego

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in dried cocoa

Determination of some physical and sensory properties of milk, dark and white chocolate at different storage temperatures

Niepewna przyszłość czekolady

Ach ten smak... ach ten zapach...

Slodkogorzka historia

Przysmak swiata. [II]

Micro-climate conditions, weed diversity, flowering and yield of young cacao plants as affected by shade regimes

Influence of varying rates of fertilizers on the performance of cacao (Theobroma cacao) seedlings in the nursery

Rosliny egzotyczne w naszej kuchni

Kakao