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The objectives of this study were to evaluate systematic factors that influence longevity and to estimate the heritability of functional longevity by survival analysis of Suffolk sheep in the Czech Republic. A total of 20,502 ewes from 137 flocks were used. The longevity of Suffolk ewes was influenced to some extent by their average prolificacy. The effects of growth intensity and the development of muscularity and fattiness, as well as the effect of the prion protein gene PrP haplotype on the risk of the exclusion of the ewe from breeding were relatively low. Heritability estimates were h² = 0.438 for the length of production life in days (LPL), h² = 0.098 for the number of litters of the ewe during her lifetime (NL), h² = 0.111 for the total number of lambs born (TLB), and h2 = 0.103 for the total number of labs weaned (TLW). Correlations between the breeding values for LPL and NL, TLB or TLW were high. Therefore, these indicators of the ewe’s lifelong production, which are more desirable and understandable for sheep breeders, should be used in indirect selection for longevity.
The research material consisted of 87 Suffolk ewes divided into control (1) and experimental (2) groups. Both groups were fed farm feeds according to DLG standards.Animals from the experimental group were given an addition of the nutritional pectin concentrate with an immunological effect (KO) produced on the basis of apple pectins. Dams were given approx. 10 g per animal per day of the preparation mixed with concentrate every 7 days during tupping, every 3 days during pregnancy and everyday during the rearing of lambs. Lambs were reared with their dams. From 14 days of age their diet was supplemented with the evaluated preparation mixed with oat meal and then with concentrate at the amount of 10% of a given feed. Reproduction results of 87 ewes including fertility, prolificacy, rearing of lambs and reproduction indices were evaluated. Based on the body weight of lambs at 2 days after birth and at the age of 1 month, 56 and 90 days, as well as on the daily body weight gains in the individual examined periods, the evaluation of the growth of the offspring being reared was performed. In the statistical analysis of the obtained results, Student’s t-test (addition of preparation) was applied. It was found that dams from both groups were characterised by similar and very low fertility (54.7–58.2%). The applied pectin preparation significantly (P≤0.01) affected the value of the prolificacy index of the examined sheep. In this respect, the ewes from experimental group were over 32 per cent better than the ewes from the control group. Similar tendency was observed for the rearing of lambs and the values of reproduction indices. The offspring of both groups of dams weighed at 2 days after birth had similar body weight. From 1 month of age a significant advantage of lambs from experimental group was observed both in respect of body weight and daily body weight gains.At the last weighing at 90 days of age, lambs given the KO preparation were significantly heavier (P≤0.01) than their age mates from group 1. In the whole experiment, lambs from group 2 were characterised by approx. 26 g higher body weight gains (P≤0.05) compared to lambs from group 1 and the values of the growth rate indices for animals in both groups were similar.
The aim of the study was to investigate whether synergism of selenium and cobalt preparations occur if jointly administered to three-year-old ewes of the Suffolk breed. Four groups were formed: Se, Co, Se+Co and control, each of 15 ewes. Blood samples were taken one month before mating and 2 weeks after the second selenium injection (the 3rd month of pregnancy). The results indicate that the fertility, prolificacy and the number of twins in the Se group was the highest (87, 131 and 62 %). However, a higher number of stillborn lambs (18 and 26 %) and lower weaned rate (100 and 92%) were observed in the Se and control groups respectively. Wherefore, the best production results were achieved by the ewes of the Se+Co group (prolificacy 127% and weaned rate 118%).
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