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The study involved three strawberry cultivars: 'Senga Sengana', 'Kent' and 'El- santa', planted in the spring of 2003 in a row system in the Pomological Orchard of RIPF in Skierniewice, Poland. The experiment was carried out in 2006 on 4-year-old plants as a continuation of the project Cost 631. The strawberry plants were mulched with a peat substrate, or sawdust, or pine bark, or compost or rye straw, and inocu­lated with a mycorrhizal preparation Mycosat. The mulches were replenished every year in the same amount during the flowering of the plants. The results of the experi­ments indicate that the combinations used did not, in general, cause a significant change in the yielding of plants during the experimental period presented. An excep­tion were the plants of the cultivar 'Kent' mulched with straw, which produced a significantly lower yield, by 18.4% on average, in comparison with the control plants or those mulched with bark. Plants of the cultivar 'Elsanta' mulched with com­post or sawdust were characterized by a significantly greater mean fruit weight (by an average of 1.5 g) compared with the control. On the whole, the use of the mulches and the mycorrhizal product contributed to an increase in the number of fruits of the class 'Ekstra'. Significant differences were found on the plots of 'Senga Sengana' mulched with straw or inoculated with the mycorrhizal substrate, from which, on the average, 71% more class 'Ekstra' berries were collected than from the control plants (non- mulched). The experiments confirmed the cultivar-specific differences in yield be­tween the strawberry cultivars studied. At comparable yields, they differed signifi­cantly in terms of the number and mean weight of the fruits collected.
Micropropagation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a widely used technique to produce plantlets in commercial horticulture. Unfortunately, in contrast to propagation based on runners, it is also an expensive method and may lead to obtaining plants with changed phenotype. In order to reduce such problems, the influence of chemical method of medium sterilization (application of commercial home bleach – ACE®) instead of autoclaving on the development of in vitro cultures of four strawberry cultivars (‘Elsanta’, ‘Elkat’, ‘Senga Sengana’, ‘Polka’) was examined. The presented study proved that sodium hypochlorite added into the hot medium is very effective, making aseptic environment agent. Applied in tested dose (2 cm3 of ACE® per dm–3) is not harmful to strawberry in vitro cultures and usually causes positive changes in their development (reduced formation of adventitious shoots and callus), except for ‘Elsanta’ cultivar. Thus the application of media sterilized with sodium hypochlorite is beneficial and cost effective and may be recommended both for commercial and especially amateur strawberry micropropagation.
The chemical composition of strawberry fruit depends mainly on cultivar, fruit maturity degree and climatic conditions in the growing period. Fruit quality is also determined by a cultivation technology. The influence of two biostimulants (Atonik SL and Betokson Super 050 SL), which were used separately, in combination with each other or with the liquid fertilizer InsolCa, on yielding and fruit quality of two strawberry cultivars: ‘Senga Sengana’ and ‘Kent’, was tested. Betokson Super 050 SL + InsolCa tended to improve the yield of both cultivars. Significant differences compared to the control were evident especially in 2001. Fruits of ‘Senga Sengana’ started ripening later and had more ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and acidity than ‘Kent’. The use of Betokson Super 050 SL + InsolCa improved the content of ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and sugar as well as acidity in strawberries of both cultivars. The use of Betokson Super 050 SL + Atonik SL significantly increased the content of ascorbic acid and sugar in fruits of both cultivars. ‘Kent’ strawberries also responded to the treatment with an increase in anthocyanin content and acidity.
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