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The mineralization (expressed as O₂ consumption and CO₂ release) of Scenedesmus quadricauda detritus was investigated in homothermal (spring, autumn) and stratified (summer, winter) conditions, using the MicroOxymax respirometer. In experiments, the rate of O₂ consumption and CO₂ release, sedimentation rate and time of mineralization of phycodetritus in water from 2.5, 7.5 and >17 m depth were determined. It was found that 41% and 100% of detritus carbon (31.4 mg C dm⁻³) added to the water could be mineralized in whole water column in time 28 days during spring and 37 days during autumn homothermal conditions. In summer stratification periods 61% of the detritus carbon during 29 days, and in winter 100% during 35 days, could be mineralised down to the depth 18 m. The rate of mineralization of phycodetritus depends on temperature and activity of microflora. The differences in the rate of O₂ consumption and CO₂ release between particular layers of water and seasons were statistically significant in the majority of cases.
The effect of methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tertrachloride on the following aquatic organisms: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Lemna minor, Daphnia magna, and Lebistes reticulatus, was investigated. Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria were found to be most sensitive test organisms, and a toxic effect towards them was observed just at the concentration of 100 µg/l of each agent. Studies on degradation in distilled water, river-water, and aqueous ecosystem revealed moderate stability in aqueous medium of compounds under investigation. Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were detecable in river-water still after 40 days in concentrations toxic to aqueous ecosystem. More rapid degradation of methane halogen derivatives in river-water than in distilled water indicated the presence of microorganisms living in water from natural source, and being accessory to the decomposition of these agents. Degradation in the presence of adapted microflora took, as a general rule, a slower cource. Decrease of temperature to 6°C inhibited considerably the degradation rate of the investigated contaminants. The reduction of methane halogen derivatives content during 21-day exposure in aqueous ecosystem came up to 73%. Moreover, these compounds were found not to have biocumulative properties, and not to be toxic - in concentrations up to 300 µg/l - to aqueous biocenosis homing the experimental ecosystem.
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