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Variety of traits important in diagnostics and epidemiology of pathogenic microorganisms may change due to antibiotics. Movement ability, that is characteristic for every serovar except from Salmonella Gallinarum-Pullorum, is important to salmonellas. In own experiments using semi-fluid MSRV medium, it was found that a decrease in salmonella sensibility to selected antibiotics and chemiotherapeutics due to passage might lead to weakening of its movement ability. Movement ability of all strains (S. Enteritidis, S. Dublin, S. Typhimurium) after passage with amoxycillin, neomycin, Colistin and enrofloxacin became weakened as compared to results achieved before passage. The strongest inhibition of movement ability was most often observed in strains after passage on medium with Colistin. It seems to be associated with the action mechanism of the antibiotic. Colistin injuries cellular membranes, where flagella (active motoric organ of Salmonella) are anchored. Appearance of drug-resistance as a result of passage at the presence of antibiotics may cause variability of biochemical properties of Salmonella rods and leads to weakening of movement ability of ciliated Salmonella.
Бактериологическим исследованиям подвергли 7243 птиц, павших на территории Ольштынского воеводства в 1985—1987 гг. Эти птицы происходили из обобщественных и частных ферм. Изолировали 1431 штамм из рода Salmonella (1041 от индеек, 327 от кур, 36 от уток, 27 от гусей). Нежгутикованные штаммы составляли 1,8%, жгутикованаые — 98,2%. В очередаые годы анализируемого периода отметилось незначительное понижение инфекций этим микроорганизмом, так как в 1985 г. отметили его у 22,0%, в 1986 г. у 19,54%, а в 1987 г. — у 18,2% птиц, исследуемых бактериологически. Изолированные штаммы Salmonella принадлежали к 17 серотипам. Чаще всего появлялись серотипы: S. typhimurium (36,15%), S. saint-paul (20,52%), S. enteritidis (18,62%), S. derby (6,22%).
The aim of the study was to analyse Salmonella bacillus infections on poultry farms in the province of Warmia and Mazury, between 2001-2005, taking into account the utilitarian types and species of poultry. Between 2001 and 2005, 11,488 farms from Warmia and Mazury were examined for the presence of Salmonella bacillus. Test results were positive for 10.4% farms. Salmonella bacilli were most often isolated from meat poultry and flocks of ducks in particular. Additionally, the presence of two salmonella serotypes was established: Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium. Salmonella typhimurium bacilli were isolated from all groups of poultry, with the exception of laying hens and breeding geese and hens. Salmonella enteritidis was most often found in meat poultry and laying hens, and not in ducks and geese. A large percentage of infected samples revealed Salmonella bacilli which were not precisely classified and described. Most cases of unidentified salmonella types were recorded in 2002, while in subsequent years a clear downward trend was observed (with the exception of geese farms).
Two thousand nine hundred and fourteen Salmonella strains were tested in the National Veterinary Research Institute in 1994 to 1998. Poultry, feed stuffs and food of animal origin were the main sources of Salmonella isolation. Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium were the prevailing serovar among poultry and food isolates. Salmonella Mbandaka and Salmonella Agona were also often encountered. Several serovars not found in human isolates were observed mostly in feed and feed meals.
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