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1

Characterisation of cross-amplified microsatellite markers in the red-breasted flycatcher Ficedula parva

100%
Mitrus J., Mitrus C., Rutkowski R., Sikora M., Suchecka E.
Annales Zoologici
|
2013
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tom 63
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nr 4
We tested 24 microsatellite markers for the red-breasted flycatcher, Ficedula parva, using the primers for the PCR reaction described for other species from genus Ficedula. The amplification efficiency, specificity of the products, and polymorphism of cross-amplified microsatellites were determined based on the genotypes of 65 adult males from a natural population breeding in Białowieża Forest (Eastern Poland). Based on obtained results, we identified 9 highly polymorphic microsatellites, consistently amplifying in majority of individuals. Among those markers between 4 and 26 alleles per locus (mean 15.4) were found and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.393 to 0.939. The majority of loci (except for Fhy350 and Fhy458) were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Accordingly, the values of F IS did not significantly differ from zero 0, except for the locus Fhy350. We suggest that this locus could be loaded with high frequency of null alleles. The polymorphic information content (PIC) for the selected loci set was high and in all cases exceeded 0.82. In addition, we calculated, for each locus, the probability of excluding an improper parent. In majority of loci this parameter distinctly exceeded 0.5. These results demonstrate that tested microsatellite markers can be used to estimate the genetic variability within- and between populations and to establish paternity and parenthood in red-breasted flycatcher populations.
2

Natural nest sites of the Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva in a primeval forest

80%
Mitrus C., Socko B.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2004
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tom 39
|
nr 1
117 nests of Red-breasted Flycatchers in Białowieża primeval forest (NE Poland) were characterised. Most nests (79%) were built in Hornbeam Carpinus betulus and lime Tilia cordata. Three types of nest sites were distinguished: chimney shaped (26.4%), half cavities (46.4%) or shelves — the nest was wedged under a piece of bark against the main trunk (27.3%). Most cavity entrances were exposed to the south. Compared to other species of secondary cavity nesters in Białowieża National Park, Red-breasted Flycatchers used cavities of a different shape, with a smaller bottom area and at a relatively low height above the ground (x̅= 4.9 ± 3.13 m). Nesting trees had a smaller diameter (x̅= 31.2 ± 21.4 cm) and were more often dead (29.8%) than trees used by the other secondary cavity nesters. Only four nest sites were used in consecutive seasons.
3

Polyterritoriality and the first record of polygyny in the Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva in primeval forest

80%
Mitrus C., Socko B.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2005
|
tom 40
|
nr 2
170-172
Territoriality in Red-breasted Flycatchers was studied in the Białowieża Forest of Eastern Poland during five consecutive breeding seasons (2000-2004). In total 99 males were individually marked, and evidence of polyterritoriality was found in 10% of them. The proportion of polyterritorial males varied from 0% (in 2003) to 13.6% (in 2001). The mean distance between the first and second territories was 278 m (± 179.37, n = 10). The rate of polyterritoriality was not related to age class, as older males defended dual territories that were, on average, not more distantly separated than those of younger males. One case of polygyny was recorded. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence for polyteritoriality and polygyny in male Red-breasted Flycatchers.
4

Hatching asynchrony in the Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva in relation to breeding season, peak food abundance, and high predation

80%
Mitrus C.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2008
|
tom 43
|
nr 1
113-117
Hatching asynchrony has been recorded in many altricial bird species. Also, more than 70% of clutches of the Red-breasted Flycatcher hatched asynchronously. The annual variation in the proportion of asynchronous clutches depended on median dates of egg laying, in the years when females started egg laying later more asynchronous clutches were observed. The females from synchronous clutches started egg laying significantly earlier than females from asynchronous clutches and were more synchronised with the peak of caterpilars. No differences in clutch size and number of fledglings between asynchronous and synchronous clutches were found. The frequency of females that started incubation earlier showed no significant difference when mated with either after-2nd-year or 2nd-year males. Also, breeding success was not significantly different between broods of various hatching types and was 87% for asynchronous clutches and 94% for synchronous clutches. The time of breeding and high predation pressure could be main reasons for females of the Red-breasted Flycatcher to start incubation before laying the last egg of its clutch.
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