The Romanian myrmecofauna is insufficiently known, mostly cryptic, sub-Mediterranean and parasitic species are lacking from the checklist. In this article a new species for the Romanian fauna is presented: Pyramica baudueri Em., a cryptic and sub-Mediterranean species. Two specimens were found in South-Westem Romania, close to the Hungarian border. P. baudueri lives in the soil, and hunts for small arthropods. Besides Pyramica, specimens of Ponera testacea Em. were also found on the same spot; this is the fifth data on the occurrence of this species in Romania. As several dacetine species are known from Southern and Central European countries it can be hypothesized that specific collecting methods would probably increase the number of dacetine species known from Romania. Upon this article the number of known Romanian ant species sums up to 105.
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