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pmoA based detection of methanotrophic bacteria in coal-bed rocks of the Lublin Coal basin

100%

Pytlak A., Kuzniar A., Stepniewska Z.

Acta Agrophysica

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2012

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tom 19

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nr 2

Methane is one of the most important greenhouse gases. In spite of its low mixing ratio (1775 ppbv), it is responsible for 20-30% of global warming. However, factors influencing methane fluxes to the atmosphere from different sources are still under debate. One of the most important elements of the methane cycle are methanotrophic bacteria. This unique group of Proteobacteria utilises methane at various levels, from atmospheric concentrations to several percentages, using molecular oxygen. Methanotrophs have been found in many terrestrial, aquatic and subsurface environments, there is however little information about methanotrophs connected with coal deposits. In the study, the presence of methanotrophic bacteria in coal–associated rocks of the Lublin Coal Basin (LCB) was confirmed by the methanotrophic activity tests of fresh and autoclaved samples from depths of 914 m and 997 m below the surface. Methanotrophs were also successfully enriched on nitrate minimal salts medium and identified based on the cloned pmoA sequences. It was found that methane-oxidising bacteria present in the LCB are highly similar to Methylosinus, Methylocys-tis and Methylocaldum species. It was assumed that biological oxidation may be one of the processes influencing methane concentrations in coalbeds and that rocks excavated with coal may serve e.g. as methanotrophically active covers preventing CH4 emission from landfills.

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Life in extreme habitats: diversity of endolithic microorganisms from cold desert ecosystems of Eastern Pamir

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Khomutovska N., Jerzak M., Kostrzewska-Szlakowska I., Kwiatkowski J., Suska-Malawska M., Syczewski M., Jasser I.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 4

The aim of this study was to identify cyanobacteria diversity in rock communities from the cold desert ecosystem in Eastern Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan) and assess if the rock type and rock`s porosity can be indicators of microbial diversity in this extreme environment. Seven samples were collected in July 2015 from hillsides (ca 4000–4500 m a.s.l.) of the Eastern Pamir Mountains. Petrographic and scanning microscopy (SEM) allowed for the characterization of the rocks inhabited by endolithic communities as granite, gneiss and limestone with variable porosity. Based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of amplicon of V3–V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene, we established that Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria dominated the endolithic communities of microorganisms in the rocks studied, which distinguishes these communities from those described for other cold arid regions. Chroococcidiopsis and Leptolyngbya were dominant genera in the cyanobacterial communities according to culture-dependent analysis, as well as microscopic analyses of endoliths scraps from the rocks. Culture-independent metagenomic analyses revealed that Microcoleus, Acaryochloris, Chroococcidiopsis and Thermosynechococcus reads were the most abundant from all reads and dominated interchangeably in the samples. Endolithic communities of microorganisms in the rocks from the cold desert shrubland of Eastern Pamir Mts. appear to be diverse and different from communities described for other cold deserts.

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Różnorodność biologiczna i rola bakterii glebowych w środowisku leśnym

84%

Siebyla H., Hilszczanska D.

Sylwan

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2017

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tom 161

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nr 02

Microorganisms commonly inhabit all environments in which they can survive. The number of bacteria in soil depends on its structure, moisture and nutrient content, and ranges from a few hundred to several thousand per gram of soil. Qualitative and quantitative composition of bacteria mainly depends on physico−chemical agents, soil and vegetation cover, the content of biogenic elements, but also on the salinity and pollution. In the case of forest soils number of bacteria amounts to about 4.8×10 9 per 1 cm 3 of soil. In the rhizosphere, the soil directly surrounding plant roots, there are organisms that affect the biochemical activity of plants. The main representatives of bacteria, which are present in the rhizosphere layer, are species of the genera: Pseudomonas and Bacillus, Acidobacteria that protect plants against attack of pathogens. Soil microorganisms form a symbiosis with vascular plants. Because of their properties, they are effective antagonists against fungi that cause plant diseases (leaf spots, roots and shoot apices disease, as well as rot). This group includes such species as: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides or the species belonging to Oomycetes, for example Phytophthora and Pythium. Bacteria also protect plants against harmful insects and inhibit the growth of fungal diseases. The beneficial role of bacteria is observed in the development of truffles as well. They are responsible for providing nitrogen to the mycelium forming fruiting bodies. Bacteria improve plant growth and protect their host against drought. Understanding the diversity of bacteria that have important role in the functioning of ecosystems, including forest ecosystems, remains a challenge for microbiologists.

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Effects of ultra-violet radiation on cellular proteins and lipids of radioresistant bacteria isolated from desert soil

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Sajjad W., Khan S., Ahmad M., Rafiq M. M., Badshah M., Sajjad W., Zada S., Khan S., Hasan F., Shah A. A.

Folia Biologica

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 1

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Phylogenetic diversity and abundance of bacteria from surface microlayer and subsurface water in eutrophic lake

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Walczak M., Swiontek Brzezinska M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 1

The bacteria from different phylogenetic groups were studied in surface microlayer (SM, up to 100 μm) versus subsurface water (SW – 20 cm) in eutrophic lake from spring to autumn of 2007. Abundance of bacteria was determined using a combination of direct counting of 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and the phylogenetic diversity was determined in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method with group-specific, fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes. The numbers of DAPI bacteria varied between 4.75 and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated that Eubacteria constituted the majority of the whole bacterial population and their percentage share ranged from 59 to 75%. Abundances of alpha- beta-Proteobacteria and Cytophaga-Flavobacteria groups varied across seasons, layers, and lacustrine zones. The lowest number of alphaProteobacteria group bacteria was observed in spring (SM – 0.2 × 10⁶, SW – 0.16 × 10⁶ cells cm⁻³), whereas the highest in autumn (SM – 0.62 × 10⁶, SW – 1.6 × 10⁶ cells cm⁻³). The percentage share of these groups of bacteria in the Eubacteria domain was lower in spring (20–50%) than in summer and autumn (from 65 to over 80%). No fixed difference between the composition of SM and SW bacteria was noticed. Seasonally occurred changes are similar in both layers.

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The characteristics of selected environmental bacteria

67%

Sliwa-Dominiak J., Deptula W.

Advances in Agricultural Sciences

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2011

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tom 14

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nr 1-2

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New Thiobacillus species

67%

Baj J.

Acta Microbiologica Polonica

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1993

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tom 42

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