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Potamogeton filiformis and P. pectinatus (Potamogetonaceae) in Poland. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica 8: 79–91. Kraków. PL ISSN 1640 629X. ABSTRACT: The genus Potamogeton subgen. Coleogeton is represented by two species in Poland: Potamogeton filiformis Pers. and P. pectinatus L. The aim of this paper is expressing differences between these species in taxonomy, variation and distribution. A detailed list of localities based on data from herbarium materials of these species is also presented.
This study presents distribution and abundance of three Potamogeton species, namely Potamogeton crispus, P. nodosus and P. pectinatus along environmental gradients in the lowland river Wełna (NW Poland). The relationships between 13 environmental factors and the pattern aquatic vegetation distribution along river were investigated. Among ecological factors rarely undertaken in aquatic ecology the light climate was concerned. It is postulated that the Potamogeton communities in the investigated river are strongly connected with water velocity, substrate of bottom and light conditions, in particular dissolved organic matter (DOM). Elodeo-Potametum crispi and algae communities with dominant species Hildenbrandia rivularis were well developed in the places shading by trees, with high velocity and fairly clean water, mostly with stony bottom. Potametum nodosi was noted in mean values of velocity and medium water quality with high content of organic matter in the bottom substrate. The last investigated community Sparganio-Potametum interrupti was found in poor water quality with the highest values of electric conductivity. The obtained results give a new approach of the ecology and abiotic typology of rivers with macrophytes including abundance of Potamogeton species (Nature 2000 habitat, code 3260 – “Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fl uitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation”).
The common and distinctive structure-functional signs of submerged leaf cells of Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton perfoliatus and Myriophyllum spicatum water plants were studied in the light-, electron- and laser confocal microscopy. There were following common features: stomata were absent in epidermis; the presence of chloroplasts in the epidermis, and the presence of calcium ions in the cell walls, cytoplasm and chloroplasts of the cell epidermis. There were also the differences the presence of cone-like pores only in epidermis walls of M. spicatum, the size of leaves, the size of air spaces, and the amount of chlorophylls a + b. The relative content of Ca²⁺ was two times higher in the cell wall of P. pectinatus and P. perfoliatus leaf epidermis in comparison with M. spicatum. The content of Ca²⁺ in cytoplasm almost did not differ in the epidermal cells of these species. The relative content of cellulose in the walls of M. spicatum leaf was higher by 1.3 times in the comparison with the epidermis of P. pectinatus and P. perfoliatus. Changes in calcium status, cellulose and photosynthesizing pigments content in the cells of submerged leaf depending on plant species and on flooding are discussed.
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