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The study on the young (from 1-month-old larvae to smolts) sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta) in Pomeranian rivers involved 21 morphometric characters and 10 meristic characters, opercular bone pattern, anal fin shape, pyloric caeca count, and coloration.
Characterisation of salmon (Salmo salar) aged 0+, 1+, 2+, stocked in Pomeranian rivers, involved 25 plastic and 13 meristic characters, the opercular bone arrangement, and coloration. Coloration of body and fins, appearing at the age of 0+ at the fork length of 6-10 cm belonged to the earliest species-specific traits. Typical values of certain species-specific characters, such as tail base width, caudal fin incision (as per cent of l. caudalis), and the length of the upper jaw (as per cent of l. capitis) were recorded as early as in the fish aged 0+. Other characters, such as the opercular bone arrangement, were observed in those individuals aged 1+ and only in some fish aged 0+. The typical salmon anal fin shape occurred in some of the salmon aged 1+ and 2+ only. The study showed a high variability and significant differences in meristic and plastic characters between individuals grown in various rivers.
The rate of losses resulting from fish (rainbow trout of a total length of 12-23 cm, the same size as sea trout smolts) passing through turbines was estimated. The fish were provided with 3x4 cm Styrofoam floats tied to their backs under the dorsal fin. The tagged fish were immersed in covered buckets into the inlet of the turbine canal before switching on the turbines. The bucket lids were removed by a special line, and the fish were drawn into the turbine canal with the water flow. After passing through the canal, the fish, which had a limited area to move in at a greater depth and were easily identified due to the styrofoam floats, were recaptured manually with nets from boats. Fish losses at the hydroelectric power plants situated on Pomeranian rivers ranged from 0.0 to 60% and depended on the differences between water levels upstream and downstream from the hydroelectric power plants and on the turbine's rotation speed per minute.
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