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A study was carried out of 30, 160 ejaculate samples collected from 81 boars of the wbp (Polish Large White) breed and 182 boars of the pbz (Polish Landrace) breed. The ejaculate was collected manually with the sampling frequency of 4 - 5 days. An assessment of the ejaculate has been done with regard to the following physical properties: ejaculate volume, sperm cells concentration, percentage of sperm cells exhibiting proper motility, total number of sperm cells in the ejaculate and number of insemination doses obtained from one ejaculate. The collected data have been analyzed according to the season criterion with indication of the ejaculate collected in the individual months. It has been revealed that the most suitable ejaculate was collected from the domestic pig boars in November and December whereas in March, April and May the parameters lowered. The ejaculate collected in the springtime is characterized by a lower volume and a lower number of the motile sperm cells than in the other seasons. From the ejaculate collected in the autumn and winter period more insemination doses can be prepared than from those collected in spring and summer. No difference has been found between the boars of the wbp and pbz breeds with regard to their susceptibility to the seasonal factors’ influence.
Analysis of the weaned piglets reaction on the handling material with colored balls and possibility of exploration and chewing. Maintaining proper pig welfare levels in intensive production systems requires the use of appropriate handling materials. At present, there are many elements commonly referred to as "toys" in breeding and production, but not all of them meet safety and functional requirements. The purpose of the study was to analyze the reaction of weaned piglets on a toy pen - an “abacus” with colored balls (test version). Direct observations were made on the behaviour of piglets of the Pulawska and Polish Large White breeds using the ethogram, taking into account motor activity with elements of interest in the “abacus”, including: climbing on the "abacus", shifting balls (interest in yellow, blue, red), rest, excretory behaviour, nutritional behaviour. It was found that piglets of the Pulawska breed climbed the “abacus” for more time (15.2 min, ie. 3.6 minutes longer than the Polish Large White breed), and the PLW breed moved balls longer (26.2 min., ie. 9.6 minutes longer than the Pulawska breed). Piglets of the two breeds had the least interest for red balls. Piglets of the Pulawska breed preferred the most blue and then yellow balls. Polish Large White piglets were more likely to choose yellow and blue balls. Eating time and water intake were higher in Pulawska breed, respectively 10.8 and 5.4 min compared to 6.6 and 3.0 min in Polish Large White breed.
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