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Sequential extraction methods enable identification of chemical fractions of heavy metals in soil environment as well as evaluation of their availability and potential toxicity to biotic elements of a trophic chain. The study aimed at separating nickel fractions from particular genetic horizons of forest Luvisols by means of three sequential extraction methods (modified Tessier’s, Zeien and Brümmer’s as well as Hedley’s with Tiessen and Moir’s modifications methods), and to compare the metal content in four fractions: easily soluble, exchangeable, organic, and residual, along with their distribution within studied soils’ profiles. Nickel concentrations in the examined fractions varied: the largest amounts of the heavy metal (regardless of the analytical procedure applied) were found in residual fraction Fresid (mineral horizons) and organic fraction Forg (forest litter horizons – Ol), while the smallest ones occurred in easily soluble fraction F1 (all genetic horizons). Statistical processing revealed significant dependences between the four nickel fractions as well as between the fractions and selected properties of analyzed soils (except soil pH and total nickel content Nit).
The concentration levels of the following metals: Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn, Fe and Ni in falling dusts, soil and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Webb.) were examined in selected areas of Southern Podlasie Lowland. The research was conducted from 1995 to 1999. The metals were marked by means of the AAS technique. The deposition of Cd and Pb metals did not exceed the values standardized in the Polish legislation, and the mean metal concentration in the soil was the same as the natural content. The mean metal concentration in dandelion leaves and root was within the values accepted as background in professional literature. It was proved that in agricultural lands that were not excessively loaded with heavy metals, the metal level in the root of the plant is of higher significance than in the leaves when using dandelion for bio-indicatory purposes.
The paper presents the results of research on soil buffer capacity in Południowopodlaska Lowland ecosystems. The buffer curves were sketched and soil buffer areas measured with planimeter. The data obtained were compared with some soil physical and chemical properties using statistical methods. The greatest acid buffer capacity was observed in highly base-saturated meadow ecosystem soils (VCEB = 82.8 - 98.7%), while the greatest alkali buffer capacity low base-saturated soils of forest ecosystems (VCEB = 10.8 - 49.5%). Upper horizons of arable land soils showed a greater alkali rather than acid buffer capacity, while soil buffer capacity of deeper mineral horizons changed with soil physical and chemical properties.
Axenyllodes echinatus FJELLBERG, 1988 and Pratanurida podolica KAPRUS’ & WEINER, 2002 collected in sandy areas in the Podlasie Lowland and Masurian Lake District respectively are reported as new to the Polish fauna.
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