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Brasilochondria riograndensis Thatcher et Pereira, 2004 (Copepoda, Chondracanthidae) is redescribed based on newly collected material from the branchial cavity of flounder, Paralichthys orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1842), from the coasts of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. A number of details were overlooked and some appendages were misidentified in original description and are included herein. These are: the distribution and the number of setae and spines in the antennule, the armature and segmentation of mandible, maxillule, maxilla, and maxilliped, pedigerous segments and genitoabdomen, in both, females and males. Moreover, the geographical distribution of this parasite species is broadened.
Background. Fishes live in the aquatic systems which are first affected by low or temporally changing O2 availability. Under hypoxia, the fish possess varieties of mechanism to ensure the uptake of an adequate amount of O2. Tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, 1873, lives on the bottom of water where contain low O2 concentration, indicating that this species possess specific feature against hypoxia. In this study, we examined the mRNA expression of three globins in tongue sole under short-term hypoxia. Materials and methods. Using bioinformatics analysis, three globin genes including hemoglobin-α1 (Hb-α1), myoglobin (Mb), and cytoglobin (Cygb) were first obtained from tongue sole EST database. Then, their expression levels in different tissues of tongue sole under short-term hypoxia were detected using quantitative real-time PCR method. Results. Under short-term hypoxia, Hb-α1 significantly increased in all the tissues except intestine and stomach. The Cygb expression level was up-regulated from 5 min to 120 min, whilst changed to normal level at 36 h. Mb was only up-regulated in blood and heart at 120 min. But, as the hypoxia prolonged, there was a mild increase of Mb in blood, heart, spleen, and liver. Conclusion. The three globins of tongue sole were up-regulated in some tissues, but their rolemay be different in different stage of hypoxia. Hb and Cygb might play role in the earlier stage, while Mb might play role in the late stage of hypoxia.
Allopodocotyle tunisiensis sp. nov. is described from the intestine of Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud collected from the Gulf of Gabès in the Mediterranean Sea off Tunisia. The new species belongs to the group C of Allopodocotyle Pritchard, 1966 species (sensu Bray 1987). It differs from its congeners in this group by the shape of the seminal vesicle and the anterior extend of the vitellarium which varies between just posterior to the ventral sucker and anterior margin. A key to the Allopodocotyle species of group C is presented. The status of the genera Allopodocotyle and Macvicaria (Gibson and Bray 1982) are briefly discussed.
Background. Understanding of reproduction of the Egyptian sole, Solea aegyptiaca, has been considered a major step toward understanding its population dynamics, especially in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. In Egypt this species has highly commercial value and it has recently been successfully bred in aquaculture, but more data on the reproductive biology is still needed. So, the present work aimed to study the population structure and the reproductive dynamics of S. aegyptiaca over an annual reproductive cycle. Materials and Methods. A total of 594 specimens of S. aegyptiaca were obtained from October 2004 to September 2005 in a monthly basis from the commercial catch. Sex ratio, age, and length at first maturity, gonado- somatic index, maturity stage, oocyte diameter, and fecundity were analysed in order to increase our knowledge on the reproductive dynamics of S. aegyptiaca. Results. The overall ratio between males and females was 1.0 : 1.15 and showed no significant deviation from the expected 1 : 1 ratio, males are dominant among small size, while females are dominant among larger size. Females attained their maturity at the length of about 15.0 cm. The reproductive activity of S. aegyptiaca took place between January and June with a peak on January, when the majority of oocyte growth (> 400 μm in diameter) occurred. Hydrated oocytes reach 1000 μm immediately before spawning. Absolute fecundity ranged from 9898 to 38505 and can be expressed as a function of total length. Conclusion. S. aegyptiaca is a winter spawner, and the female attains its maturity at 15.0 cm of total length. So, fishing should be prohibited during the period from January to June to conserve the existing stock of the target species. Regulations should also be directed to reduce the fishing potential of 18.0 cm total length. It is important to give each fish the chance to reproduce at least once in its lifetime.
Diclidophoroides maccallumi Price, 1943 and Neoheterobothrium paralichthyi sp. n. were collected from the gills of Urophysis brasiliensis (Gadiformes) and Paralichthys patagonicus (Pleuronectiformes) respectively in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. The similarities and differences among the genera Neoheterobothrium Price, 1943, Choricotyle van Beneden et Hesse, 1863, Heterobothrium Cerfontaine, 1895 and Orbocotyle Euzet et Suriano, 1975 are discussed. The species and genera belonging to the family Diclidophoridae Cerfontaine, 1895 from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean are listed, and the distribution ranges of Diclidophoroides and Neoheterobothrium are extended to this region.
A study of type material of Bucephalopsis rioplatensis Szidat, 1970 from intestine of the flatfish, Catathyridium jenynsii (Günther, 1862) (as Achirus trichospilus Berg, 1895) from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, revealed that the ranges and morphological variations originally reported by Szidat (1970) and ascribed to age of specimens, appear to be caused by pressure during fixation; although some of the variation reported may have been a result of difference in age. This study redescribes the species and placed it in the genus Prosorhynchoides Dollfus, 1929 as P. rioplatensis (Szidat, 1970) comb. nov.
Eleven species of digenetic trematodes, including a new one, are reported from 21 species of pleuronectid flatfishes (representing 5 families) inhabiting the Arabian Sea, off the Kerala coast, India. The parasites are Prosorhynchus sp. metacercaria; Stephanostomum sp. metacercaria; Decemtestis mehrai Srivastava, 1936; Macvicaria cynoglossi (Madhavi, 1975); M. longicaudus (Hafeezullah, 1971); M. jagannathi (Gupta et Singh, 1985); Pseudopecoelus scomberi (Hafeezullah, 1971); Lepocreadioides orientalis Park, 1939; didymozoid larva (Type 1); didymozoid larva (Type 2) and Monorcheides hafeezullahi sp. n. There are 36 new host records. A list of digenetic trematodes recorded so far from the flatfishes of India is also given. The adult trematodes collected except L. orientalis showed an endemic distribution to seas around Indian peninsula. The host specificity of parasites is discussed.
Materiał pochodził z łowisk w okolicy wysp Vancouver i Kodiak. Łącznie zbadano 38 osobników Atheresthcs stomias. Fauna pasożytnicza badanych ryb obejmowała 18 gatunków należących do Myxozoa (4 gatunki), Monogenea (2), Cestoda, Digenea, Nematoda i Acanthocephala (po 3 gatunki). Najczęściej i najliczniej stwierdzane były: Paramyxoproteus reinhardti, Ceratomyxa ramosa, Entobdella pugetensis, Neodiclidophora pugetensis, Nybelinia surmenicola i Anisakis simplex. W mięśniach znaleziono dwa gatunki nicieni - A. simplex i Pseudoterranova decipiens oraz myxosporidia z rodzaju Kudoa, które wywoływały zmiany konsystencji tkanki. A. stomias jest nowym żywicielem pasożytów: Myxidium incurvatum, P. reinhardti, C. ramosa, Bothriocephalus sp. i Podocotyle sp.
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