Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Pollen viability in hybrid swarm populations of Pinus mugo Turra and P. sylvestris L.

100%

Kormutak A., Bohovicova J., Vookova B., Gomory D.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2007

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tom 49

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nr 1

61-66

Pollen viability was tested in two hybrid swarm populations of Pinus mugo and P. sylvestris in northern Slovakia and in control populations of the parental species. It was significantly reduced in hybrid populations, as evidenced by average germination percentages ranging from 49.0% and 61.53% and by pollen tube length averaging 74.54-86.47 µm. The corresponding values in the control populations were 78.38-88.5% and 102.92-152.84 µm, respectively. The frequency of microsporogenesis disturbances at the tetrad and mature pollen stages was higher in hybrid swarms than in the control population of P. sylvestris. Based on in vitro germination data, the amount of sterile pollen was estimated at 40-41% in hybrid swarm populations, 12% in P. sylvestris, and 21% in P. mugo.

2

On the specific pattern of long chain polyprenols in green needles of Pinus mugo Turra

100%

Kazimierczak B., Hertel J., Swiezewska E., Chojnacki T., Marczewski A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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1997

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tom 44

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nr 4

In green needles of Pinus mugo the most abundant polyprenols occur as a mixture of prenologues in which the dominant alcohol is built of 16 isoprene units. The characteristic spectrum of polyprenols (prenol-15, -16 and -17) was the same irrespective of the location of plant and of distinct morphological differences observed in the various selected forms of this species. The constant pattern of the polyprenols spectrum was preserved throughout the 2-year life span of needles, although the level of polyprenols was increased 2-3-fold. The polyprenol pattern in Pinaceae family differs from species to species, thus it may serve as chemotaxonomic criterion within this systematic group.

3

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Determination of the biomass of Pinus mugo stands

86%

Spinlerova Z.

Dendrobiology

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2015

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tom 73

The dwarf pine stands on unoriginal sites in mountainous areas of the Czech Republic are a current topic of scientific discussion. One of these sites is on the summits of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Various proposals for dwarf pine removal have been hindered by the absence of charts or tables that could be used to calculate how much biomass would need to be removed. Therefore, we created a methodology for dwarf pine biomass determination and applied it to five research transects of different ages. Based on the biomass estimates, we created trend curves illustrating the increase in biomass (dependent on age) as well as equations that could be used to roughly estimate the biomass of any dwarf pine stand, regardless of age or canopy level, for sites above the timberline in Hrubý Jeseník Mts. The equations for biomass calculations could also be applied to other mountain ranges where artificially planted dwarf pines of the same seed origin or the same morphological appearance as those existing in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. are found.

4

Morphological and anatomical variability of isozymatically identified clones of Pinus mugo Turra

86%

Baczkiewicz A., Prus-Glowacki W.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 2

This study examined the anatomical and morphological variability of 10 needle traits in isozymatically identified clones of three peatbog populations of Pinus mugo, focusing on variation within and between clones, and the relation between isozyme variation and morpho-anatomical characters of needles. In each peatbog there were clones exhibiting high and low plasticity of the anatomical and morphological traits studied. In general, three types of variation within clones were distinguished: (1) clones with ramets very similar to each other, (2) clones with extensive intra-clone variability, and (3) clones with intermediate variability. The differences in phenotypic variability within clones may be explained by differences in the reaction norm of ramets in particular clones and by somatic mutations. In respect to anatomical, morphological and isozymatic traits, clones from the same peatbog showed more similarity to each other than to clones from other peatbogs.

5

Plant communities with Pinus mugo [alliance Pinion mugo] in the subalpine belt of the Western Carpathians - a numerical approach

86%

Sibik J., Valachovic M., Kliment J.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2005

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tom 74

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nr 4

A syntaxonomical revision of plant communities with dominant Pinus mugo in the Western Carpathians is presented. The data set of 341 relevés was examined and analysed using the detrended correspondence analysis and the cluster analysis. Major gradients and clusters were interpreted using Ellenberg’s indicator values. The major gradient in species composition was associated with available nutrients and moisture. The authors suggest distinguishing the dwarf pine stands of the supramontanous and subalpine belts of the Western Carpathians referred to the alliance Pinion mugo Pawłowski in Pawłowski et al. 1928 of the order Junipero-Pinetalia mugo Boşcaiu 1971 and the class Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995, into three separate associations: the Cetrario-Pinetum mugo Hadač 1956, the Homogyno alpinae-Pinetum mugo (Sillinger 1933) nom. nov., and the Adenostylo alliariae-Pinetum mugo (Sillinger 1933) Šoltésová 1974. The authors also elucidated the unauthorized name of the association Vaccinio myrtilli-Pinetum mugo Hadač 1956, which is a younger homonym of the valid name of the association Vaccinio myrtilli-Pinetum montanae Morton 1927 that characterises the acidophilous dwarf pine stands on calcareous bedrocks in the Alps.

6

Anomalous needle numbers of Pinus mugo Turra in the Tatra Mts.

86%

Boratynska K., Jasinska A. K.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria

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2006

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tom 05

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nr 2

7

Pinus mugo Turra geographic differentiation based on needle characters

72%

Boratynska K., Muchewicz E., Drojma M.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51

9-17

The needles of 17 samples representing 15 populations of Pinus mugo Turra from the Alps, Apennines, Sudethians, Carpathians and Rhodopes were analysed in respect to 15 morphological and anatomical characters. The results of measurements were analysed statistically. The variation of the samples was generally not to large. Populations from the East Carpathians appeared different from all other examined. Two formed groups of analysed populations are separated mainly by thickness of epidermal cells, width/thickness of epidermal cell ratio, needle width and needle thickness. The differences between two groups of populations suggest their longer separation during Pleistocene.

8

Life span of needles of Pinus mugo Turra: effect of altitude and species origin

72%

Boratynski A., Jasinska A., Boratynska K., Iszkulo G., Piorkowska M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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tom 57

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nr 3

567-572

The needle life span of evergreen coniferous trees is a species-specific trait but can be also affected and modified by environmental conditions. On the basis of field observations of needle life span during three periods in two populations of Pinus mugo in the Tatra Mts (altitude: 1600–1700 m) and Sudety Mts (altitude 830–1420 m), 11 populations from various altitudes we concluded that: 1) within the same population needle life span remained the same over the three periods of observations, 2) needle life span in the Tatra Mts is about 1 year longer than in the Sudety Mts, ranging from 5.5 to 5.9 years and 3) needle life span in the Sudety Mts increases significantly with the altitude of the population. The longer life span of needles in the Tatra Mts may be specific for the population, i.e. it may be due to a different population origin (another Pleistocene centre of the species), and the shorter life span of needles noted in the Sudety Mts may be due to higher soil pollution in this region.

9

Morfologiczne i anatomiczne zróżnicowanie populacji kosodrzewiny (Pinus mugo Turra) z polskich Tatr wyrażone w cechach igieł

72%

Pawlaczyk E. M., Baczkiewicz A., Wawrzyniak P., Czlopinska M., Gonera P., Buczkowska K.

Leśne Prace Badawcze

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2017

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tom 78

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nr 1

The main aim of this study was to describe the variation between the populations of the dwarf mountain pine Pinus mugo Turra based on the morphological and anatomical traits of their needles, and to investigate the relationship between the observed variation and environmental conditions (altitude and substrate).Two-year-old needles were collected from 180 individuals of six populations of P. mugo growing in the Tatra Mts. Two populations were classified as dense, located at 1360–1450 m altitude, and the remaining four formed loose clusters and were situated at 1500–1650 m altitude. Four of the populations are growing on granite and two on a limestone substrate. The natural variation of 10 morpho-anatomical and 3 synthetic needle traits was measured. In addition to descriptive statistics, the analyses of variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey test and principal component analysis were computed. We also estimated Pearson correlation coefficients for the examined needle traits and altitude as well as substrate. Our results indicate that the P. mugo populations differ significantly with regard to the investigated traits for which the Trzydniowiański Wierch population was the most distinct. The observed pattern of variability is largely caused by differences in stomatal traits and these features are positive correlated with altitude. Additionally, populations growing on granite have larger values for most of the examined traits compared to populations growing on limestone.

10

Ocena zdrowotności igieł kosodrzewiny (Pinus mugo) w wybranych lokalizacjach Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego

72%

Pusz W., Zwijacz-Kozica T., Kita W.

Sylwan

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2015

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tom 159

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nr 05

Mountain pine (Pinus mugo) is the most important component of the sub−alpine and alpine zone in the Tatras, and other ranges of central Europe. In Poland, only population from the Karko− nosze Mts. has been studied in terms of phytopathological threats so far. There is not much information on the diseases caused by fungi in the mountain pine from other regions either. The mycological analyses of infected mountain pine needles were conducted for years 2013 and 2014 in subalpine zone of the Tatra Mts (Morskie Oko, Hala Gąsienicowa, Hala Kondratowa). Pine needles rust Coleosporium tussilaginis and yellow spots Lophodermium conigenum were found. To a lesser extent the needles were spotted with symptoms caused by Mycosphaerella dearnessi. Infection symptoms and fraction of the infected needles on one shoot were determined. The isolation of fungi was conducted in end of July, when the intensity of disease symptoms on needles was the highest. The main species isolated from the infected needles was Lophodermium spp., while the dominant one was L. conigenum. Except for this pathogen, L. pinastri, Botrytis cinerea and Epicoccum niger were identified together with several saprotrophic species, e.g. Aspergillus niger. The most frequent disease of mountain pine needles in the Tatra Mts. is pine needles rust. Observations in the Karokonosze and the Tatra Mts. indicate that both populations suffer from similar diseases. The differences show that pathogens adapt to different environmental conditions. Therefore constant monitoring of the health status of mountain pine growing in nature seems to be necessary.

11

Górna granica zarośli subalpejskich w wybranych pasmach górskich Europy Środkowej - uwarunkowania i typy ekotonu

72%

Jodlowski M.

Czasopismo Geograficzne

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2010

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tom 81

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nr 1-2

12

Weryfikacja pochodzenia drzewiastych form kosodrzewiny na terenie Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego na podstawie polimorfizmu miejsc insercji transpozonów

72%

Polok K., Zwijacz-Kozica T., Zielinski R.

Sylwan

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2016

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tom 160

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nr 07

Closely related Pinus species, mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), belong to native woody species in the Tatra National Park (TPN, southern Poland). Their occurrence in close proximity can lead to the formation of natural hybrids known as Pinus × rhaetica, which is a woody, often polycormic form. Pinus×rhaetica is described in the TPN, but there has been a great deal of disagreement over its origin. The goal of the studies was to verify the taxonomic status of individuals identified as Pinus×rhaetica that grew in the eight stands together with P. mugo and P. sylvestris by SSAP (Sequence Specific Amplification Polymorphism) analysis of transposon insertional polymorphism. In total, 34 Pinus×rhaetica, 25 P. mugo and 27 P. sylvestris individuals were tested in addition to 20 individuals of P. uliginosa from ‘Torfowisko pod Węglińcem' and ‘Wielkie Torfowisko Batorowskie' as well as 25 individuals of P. uncinata from the Austrian Alps as the control groups. Four transposon sequences were employed: a DNA transposon from the CACTA family, Tpo and retrotransposons – two gypsy (Ogre, IFG7) and one copia like (Bare). All species belonging to the Pinus mugo complex are highly variable with 49−81% polymorphic loci and genetic diversity, HTequals 0.228−0.307 with the highest values in Pinus×rhaetica. Surprisingly, P. sylvestris proves to be the least variable species, likely because of a narrow gene pool in small, scattered stands in the Tatras. Very low Nei's genetic similarities between P. sylvestris and Pinus mugo complex, especially in comparison with P. uliginosa (I=0.548) and P. mugo (I=0.558) exclude unequivocally the possibility of spontaneous hybridization among these taxa. Thus, it undermines the hypothesis about hybrid origin of Pinus×rhaetica in the Tatras. It proves to be a morphological form of P. mugo as assessed from the Nei's coefficient, I=0.985 which is well within a range of conspecific populations. Finally, none of the studied individuals of Pinus×rhaetica are derived from seeds of Alpine P. uncinata.

13

Sosna do malego ogrodu

72%

Babelewski P.

Mój Piękny Ogród

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2010

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nr 12

30-31

14

Species-specific chloroplast DNA polymorphism in the trnV-rbcL region in Pinus sylvestris and P. mugo

72%

Wachowiak W., Baczkiewicz A., Celinski K., Prus-Glowacki W.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51

67-72

Four cpDNA regions were analyzed with the use of PCR-RFLP technique and nucleotide sequences of two mtDNA regions were characterized in order to find P. sylvestris and P. mugo species specific markers useful for studies of the species hybridization. The difference in the restriction fragment patterns of trnV-rbcL region after digestion with MvaI endonuclease was detected. The analyses of the species representatives from various geographic regions revealed that the observed polymorphism is species specific. No differences have been disclosed in the analyzed trnS-trnT, trnK1-trnK2, trnC-trnD cpDNA regions. The P. sylvestris and P.mugo mtDNA sequences of orf25 and coxI regions proved to be identical.

15

Ozdobne z natury: Sosna górska (sosna kosodrzewina)

72%

Babelewski P.

Szkółkarstwo

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2014

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nr 1

16

Sosna na szczudłach

72%

Kostuch R.

Wieś i Doradztwo. Pismo Małopolskiego Stowarzyszenia Doradztwa Rolniczego

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2011

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nr 1-2

17

Naturalne mieszance Pinus mugo x P. sylvestris [Pinaceae] w Tatrach

72%

Staszkiewicz J.

Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica. Series:Polonica

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1996

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tom 03

23-30

18

Pinus mugo Turra (Pinaceae) in the Ukrainian Carpathians

72%

Tsaryk I., Didukh Y. P., Tasenkevich L., Waldon B., Boratynski A.

Dendrobiology

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2006

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tom 55

39-49

Pinus mugo occurs only in the highest mountain chains of the Ukrainian East Carpathians. The largest part of the species area covers the Chornokhora ridge and the highest ridges of the Gorgany. In the other mountains of Ukraine it does not form thicket on so large terrains. Vertically, most of localities are placed at an elevation between 1400 and 1900 m, with maximum at 2010 m in the Chornokhora and with minimum about 700–800 m. The latter stands were reported from the peat bogs, however, the most of them have been destroyed and do not exist now. The dwarf mountain pine forms the community of Pinetum mugo, formed exclusively on the substrata not containing calcium dioxide. The species is connected with northern exposures. The area of distribution of Pinus mugo has been strongly reduced during centuries and association Pinetum mugo transformed into pastures.

19

Choroby igieł kosodrzewiny (Pinus mugo) w piętrze subalpejskim Karkonoszy

72%

Pusz W., Kita W., Kaczmarek A., Nowosad K., Koukol O.

Sylwan

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2013

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tom 157

|

nr 10

Mycological analyses of infected mountain pine needles were conducted for years 2011−2012. Yellow spots on needles were found in subalpine zone of the Karkonosze National Park. The isolation of fungi was conducted at the end of July in both years when the intensity of disease symptoms on needles was the highest. Infected needles were sampled from Kopa, Śląskie Kamienie, Kocioł Smogorni, Sokolnik, Łabski Szczyt, Szrenica, Kocioł Małego i Wielkiego Stawu study sites. The dominant species isolated from the infected needles was a probably new species of the genus Lophodermium. Except for this pathogen, Lophodermium pinastri, Botrytis cinerea and Epicoccum niger were identified together with several saprotrophic species, e.g. Aspergillus niger.

20

Testing of megagametophytes of some conifer species for defense reactions to the fungus Phaeolus Scweinitzii

72%

Hrib J., Vookova B.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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1996

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tom 65

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nr 1-2

175-178

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