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1

Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

100%
Ghanmi N., Gonzalez-Solis D., Gargouri L.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2018
|
tom 63
|
nr 4
2

Gonad-infecting philometrid Philometra philippinensis sp. nov. (Nematoda, Philometridae) from the bigeye barracuda Sphyraena forsteri Cuvier (Sphyraenidae) off Mariveles, Bataan Province, Philippine archipelago

100%
Quiazon K. M. A., Yoshinaga T.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 4
We conducted a parasitological study to identify nematodes infecting the gonads of bigeye barracuda Sphyraena forsteri Cuvier (Sphyraenidae) caught in the West Philippine Sea, off the Mariveles coast, Bataan Province, the Philippine archipelago. Males and very tiny nongravid female philometrid nematodes were collected from the ovaries of the fish. Based on light and scanning electron microscope observations, and supported by molecular analyses of the partial nucleotide sequences of the 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA, the philometrid nematode was determined to be a new species belonging to the genus Philometra Costa, 1845 in the family Philometridae (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea), and was named P. philippinensis sp. nov. This new species was clearly distinguishable morphologically from other congeners that parasitize the gonads of marine fishes. Males have unique sickle-shaped spicules and gubernaculum, and a vulva-like cloacal opening. Following Dentirumai philippinensis Quiazon et Moravec, 2013 and Philometra robusta Moravec, Möller et Heeger, 1992, this is the third philometrid species and the first gonad-infecting philometrid from the Philippine archipelago.
3

Description of two new species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Japan, with notes on Philometroides seriolae (Yamaguti, 1935)

100%
Moravec F., Ogawa K.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2019
|
tom 64
|
nr 4
4

On two species of Philometra [Nematoda, Philometridae] from the serranid fish Epinephelus septemfasciatus in Japan

100%
Moravec F., Ogawa K., Suzuki M., Miyazaki K., Donai H.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2002
|
tom 47
|
nr 1
Two nematode species of the genus Philometra Costa, 1845 (only females), P. ocularis sp. nov. and P. managatuwo Yamagutl, 1941 were recorded from the ocular cavity and the gonad, respectively, of the serranid fish (grouper) Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg) from the coast of the Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. The new species is mainly characterized by the presence of four conspicuously large, crescent-shaped, fleshy cephalic papillae of the external circle and two small, subterminal papilla-like projections on the caudal end. Philometra cephalus is transferred to the genus Philometroides Yamaguti, 1935 as P. cephalus (Ramachandran, 1975) comb. nov. The finding of P. managatuwo represents the second record of this species and a new host record.
5

Female morphology of Philometra parasiluri [Nematoda, Philometridae], an ocular parasite of the Amur catfish Silurus asotus in Japan

100%
Moravec F., Scholz T., Kuchta R., Grygier M. J.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2008
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
The female morphology of the nematode Philometra parasiluri Yamaguti, 1935 (Philometridae) is described based on a sub-gravid specimen found in the oculo-orbit of the Amur catfish Silurus asotus Linnaeus of Lake Biwa, Honshu, Japan collected in April 2007. Light and scanning electron microscopical examination made it possible to study in detail the morphology of this so far little-known species. In contrast to the original species description, no cuticular bosses are found on the body surface; in addition to the previously reported eight large cephalic papillae of the external circle, the cephalic end also bears six (2 lateral and 4 submedian) small papillae of the internal circle and a pair of inconspicuous amphids; no oesophageal teeth are present and the anterior oesophageal lobes are slightly elevated; two large, lateral, papilla-like caudal projections are present. To date P. parasiluri has been found only in Japan and the present finding represents the third documented record of this species. Philometra parasiluri probably has a pronounced annual maturation cycle with the period of the production of larvae in the late spring and summer.
6

Three species of Philometra [Nematoda, Philometridae] from marine fishes off Corsica, France

100%
Moravec F., Ternengo S., Levron C.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2006
|
tom 51
|
nr 2
Gravid or subgravid females of the following three species belonging to the nematode genus Philometra were collected from marine perciform fishes of the Bonifacio Strait Marine Reserve, Corsica, France: Philometra justinei sp. nov. (prevalence 1.5%, intensity 11) and Philometra sp. (prevalence 3%, intensity 2) from the abdominal cavity and gonads, respectively, of the striped red mullet Mullus surmuletus (Mullidae), and Philometra serranellicabrillae Janiszewska, 1949 (prevalence 27%, intensity 2–6) from the gonads of the comber Serranus cabrilla (Serranidae). The newly described species, P. justinei, is mainly characterized by the absence of an anterior bulbous inflation of the oesophagus, body length of the gravid female (196 mm), conspicuously large amphids, number and distribution of cephalic papillae, and the morphology of larvae. It is the second known species of Philometra parasitizing fishes of the family Mullidae and the ninth species of this genus reported from marine fishes of the Mediterranean region. P. serranellicabrillae, studied for the first time by SEM, is redescribed.
7

New philometrids [Nematoda, Philometridae] from head tissues of two serranid fishes [Epinephelus morio and Mycteroperca microlepis] off Florida, Northern Gulf of Mexico

80%
Moravec F., Bakenhaster M., Fajer-Avila E. J.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2010
|
tom 55
|
nr 4
359-368
A new species of nematode, Philometra morii sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described from males and gravid females collected from the mouth cavity of the red grouper, Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes) (Serranidae, Perciformes), from the northen Gulf of Mexico, off Florida, USA. The new species is characterized mainly by the length of spicules (84–90 and 72–87 μm) and the length (54 μm) and structure of the gubernaculum in the male, and by the presence of three large oesophageal teeth protruding from the mouth, the number and arrangement of small cephalic papillae (8 papillae in 4 pairs of external circle and 6 single papillae of internal circle), the length (1.09–1.50 mm) and structure of the oesophagus and two large papilla-like caudal projections, and by the length of their bodies (19.34–30.07 mm). Philometra morii is the third species of this genus reported from E. morio in the Gulf of Mexico, differing from the two previously described species, in addition to morphological features, by the site of infection in this host (mouth cavity and sinuses vs oculo-orbits or gonads). From the same region (northern Gulf of Mexico, off Florida), gravid females of Philometra Costa, 1845, morphologically and biometrically similar to those of P. morii, were found in the subcutaneous tissues and sinuses of the head of another serranid fish (gag), Mycteroperca microlepis (Good et Bean). Although their conspecificity with P. morii cannot be excluded, they have been designated as Philometra sp. until conspecific males are discovered and described. Based on light and scanning electron microscopy examination (latter used only for females), both these forms are described.
8

New data on three gonad-infecting species of Philometra [Nematoda, Philometridae] from estuarine fishes in South Carolina, USA

80%
Moravec F., de Buron I.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2009
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
244-252
The following three gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda, Philometridae) were recorded from offshore perciform fishes in South Carolina, USA: Philometra carolinensis Moravec, de Buron et Roumillat, 2006 from the southern kingfish Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus) (Sciaenidae) (new host record), Philometra floridensis Moravec, Fajer-Avila et Bakenhaster, 2009 from the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Linnaeus) (Sciaenidae), and Philometra saltatrix Ramachandran, 1973 from the bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus) (Pomatomidae). Findings of the first two species represent the second records since their original descriptions and P. floridensis was for the first time recorded from South Carolina estuaries. Detailed study of these nematode species, using both light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed the presence of minute caudal projections in the gravid female of P. carolinensis and four pairs of caudal papillae in the conspecific male; the cephalic and caudal ends of this species were for the first time examined by SEM. The related species P. carolinensis and P. floridensis, both parasitizing sciaenid fishes, can be distinguished from each other mainly by the presence/absence of oesophageal teeth, lengths of spicules and body lengths of gravid females. The morphology of North American specimens of P. saltatrix was found to be identical with that of specimens from Europe, thus confirming their conspecificity.
9

Philometra johnii sp. nov. (Nematoda, Philometridae), a new gonad-infecting philometrid from the sin croaker Johnius dussumieri (Cuvier) (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) from marine waters of Iraq

80%
Moravec F., Ali A. H.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 3
A new nematode species, Philometra johnii sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described from male and female specimens found in the ovary of the sin croaker, Johnius dussumieri (Cuvier) (Perciformes, Sciaenidae), in the Arabian Gulf, off the southern coast of Iraq. Based on light and scanning electron microscopical examination, the new species differs from all other gonad-infecting Philometra spp. with dorsal lamella-like structures on the distal tip of the gubernaculum in having a dorsal bipartite protuberance formed by two subdorsal lamellated parts separated from each other by a smooth longitudinal field. This gubernaculum structure is unique among all philometrids. Other distinguishing features include the structure of the male tail, number (6 pairs) and arrangement of genital papillae and the length of spicules (102–153 μm). From eight congeneric, gonad-infecting species with unknown males, the new species can be distinguished by some morphological and biometrical features found in gravid females (absence of caudal projections, length of oesophagus, moderately developed anterior oesophageal inflation, length of first-stage larvae) by the host type (fish family) and geographical distribution. Philometra johnii sp. nov. is the fourth known philometrid species recorded from marine waters of Iraq.
10

Gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from groupers Epinephelus spp. (Osteichthyes: Serranidae) in the Bay of Bengal, India

80%
Moravec F., Manoharan J.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2014
|
tom 59
|
nr 4
Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies, two new and one specifically not identified gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) are described from the ovary of marine fishes of the genus Epinephelus Bloch (Serranidae, Perciformes) in the Bay of Bengal, off the eastern coast of India: P. indica sp. nov. (male and females) from the honeycomb grouper E. merra Bloch, P. tropica sp. nov. (males and females) from the duskytail grouper E. bleekeri (Vaillant) and Philometra sp. (only females) from the cloudy grouper E. erythrurus (Valenciennes). Philometra indica is mainly characterized by the length of spicules 192–195 μm and the gubernaculum 84 μm, the distal tip of the gubernaculum without a dorsal protuberance, and by the presence of five pairs of caudal papillae. Philometra tropica is mainly characterized by the spicules conspicuously ventrally distended at their posterior halves, the distal tip of the gubernaculum with a dorsal protuberance, and the presence of three pairs of caudal papillae.
11

Philometroides acanthopagri sp. nov., a new philometrid (Nematoda, Philometridae) from the musculature of Acanthopagrus latus (Sparidae) from marine waters of Iraq

80%
Moravec F., Jassim A. A. R., Al-Salim N. K.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2012
|
tom 57
|
nr 4
new nematode species, Philometroides acanthopagri sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described from gravid and subgravid specimens found in the musculature near pectoral fins and in nasal cavity of the yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn) (Sparidae, Perciformes) from marine waters off the coast of southern Iraq. Based on light and scanning electron microscopical examination, the new species differs from its congeners in a combination of morphological and biometrical features. It is the first species of Philometroides reported from a sparid fish and the first representative of this genus recorded from fishes in the Arabian Gulf. A key to Philometroides species parasitizing marine and brackish-water fishes is provided.
12

Redescription of Philometra margolisi Moravec, Vidal-Martinez et Aguirre-Macedo, 1995 (Nematoda: Philometridae), a gonad-infecting parasite of the red grouper Epinephelus morio (Serranidae) in the Gulf of Mexico

80%
Moravec F., Bakenhaster M. D., Leone E. H.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2017
|
tom 62
|
nr 2
13

Philometra chilensis (Nematoda, Philometridae) affects the fecundity of the red cusk-eel, Genypterus chilensis (Guichenot) (Pisces, Ophidiidae) in Chile

80%
Chavez R. A., Oliva M. E.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 2
The occurrence of the dracunculoid nematode Philometra chilensis Moravec, Chávez et Oliva, 2011 (Philometridae) infecting the ovary of the red cusk-eel, Genypterus chilensis (Guichenot), off the Pacific coast of northern Chile is reported. A sample of 266 fish specimens (total body length 34–96 cm) revealed the nematode overall prevalence (April 2007) of this parasite to be 18.5% and the mean intensity of infection 17.9 (SD = 30.8). All infected fish were mature females. The present results suggest that infection by the nematode shows seasonality and coincides with specific reproductive stages of the red cusk-eel, a partial spawner, and as a result the infection can affect the reproductive success of the host.
14

Philometra thaiensis sp.nov. [Nematoda, Philometridae] from Tetraodon palembangensis and T.fluviatilis [Pisces] from fresh waters in Thailand, with a key to Philometra spp. parasitic in the host's abdominal cavity

80%
Moravec F., Fiala I., Dykova I.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2004
|
tom 49
|
nr 4
A new nematode species, Philometra thaiensis sp. nov., is described from gravid female specimens collected from the abdominal cavity of two freshwater Tetraodon spp., T. palembangensis (type host) and T.fluviatilis (Pisces, Tetraodontidae), after their import from Thailand into the Czech Republic in October 1998. It is characterized mainly by its body length (40.46-49.34 mm), arrangement and number of small cephalic papillae (eight papillae in outer circle and six papillae in inner one), structure and length (0.84-1.40 mm) of the oesophagus, short ovaries, and the absence of caudal projections. A key to Philometra spp. with gravid females parasitic in the abdominal cavity of fishes is provided.
15

Two species of Philometra [Nematoda, Philometridae] from serranid fishes off New Caledonia

80%
Moravec F., Justine J. L.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2005
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
Two nematode species of the genus Philometra Costa, 1845, P. ocularis Moravec, Ogawa, Suzuki, Miyazaki et Donai, 2002 (gravid and nongravid females) and P. lateolabracis (Yamaguti, 1935) (males and nongravid females), were recorded from the ocular cavity and ovaries, respectively, of serranid fishes (Serranidae, Perciformes) off New Caledonia, South Pacific. The gravid female of P. ocularis was found to attain a body length up to 96 mm (as compared to 59 mm in the original description). The males of P. lateolabracis are described from fishes of the Pacific region for the first time; their spicules were found to be 147-213 µm in length, suggesting thus the synonymy of the recently re-established species P.jordanoi (López-Neyra, 1951) with P. lateolabracis. The findings of P. ocularis in Epinephelus coioides, E. cyanopodus, E. rivulatus and Variola louti, and P. lateolabracis in Epinephelus cyanopodus and E. fasciatus represent new host records. Both nematode species are reported for the first time from the region of New Caledonia, and P. ocularis from the South Pacific Ocean.
16

New data on the morphology of Nilonema senticosum [Nematoda, Philometridae], a parasite of Arapaima gigas [Pisces], with notes on another philometrid, Alinema amazonicum, in Peru

80%
Moravec F., Scholz T., Kuchta R., Dykova I., Posel P.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2006
|
tom 51
|
nr 4
Female specimens of a little-known philometrid nematode, Nilonema senticosum (Baylis, 1927), were collected from the swimbladder of the arapaima, Arapaima gigas, from the Amazon River basin (Iquitos, Loreto District) in Peru. Scanning electron microscopical (SEM) examination, used for the first time in this species, made it possible to reveal some taxonomically important, previously unreported features of N. senticosum, such as the presence of minute cephalic papillae (10 papillae in 2 circles) and amphids surrounding the small oral aperture, and to confirm the absence of an anal opening in this species. Males and females of another philometrid, Alinema amazonicum (Travassos, 1960), were recovered from the body cavity of the pimelodid catfishes Calophysus macropterus and Brachyplatystoma juruense (a new host record) from the Amazon River basin (fish market in Iquitos, Loreto District) in Peru. SEM examination, not previously used in the male of A. amazonicum, enabled to study in detail the male cephalic and caudal structures.
17

A new species of Philometra [Nematoda, Philometridae] from the gonads of the rosk hind Epinephelus adscensionis [Osteichthyes] from the Southern Gulf of Mexico

80%
Moravec F., Salgado-Maldonado G.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2007
|
tom 52
|
nr 4
A new species of parasitic nematode, Philometra mexicana sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described based on males and females parasitizing the gonads of the marine perciform fish (rock hind) Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck) (Serranidae) off the coast of the southern Gulf of Mexico (reefs of the Enmedio Island, Veracruz), Mexico, collected on 10 April 1990. The new species is characterized mainly by very small males (body length 1.63–1.86 mm) with equally long, needle-like spicules (length 90–120 μm) and the gubernaculum (57–66 μm) without the usual dorsal barb on the distal end, the body length of gravid females (178–230 mm), the presence of a well-developed anterior bulbous inflation on the female oesophagus, and by the length of the first-stage larvae (420–435 μm). A comparison with other congeners parasitizing the gonads of marine fishes is provided. The cephalic end of the gravid female of Philometra margolisi Moravec, Vidal-Martínez et Aguirre-Macedo, 1995, another related species from the gonads of Epinephelus [E. morio (Valenciennes)] in Mexico, has been studied by SEM for the first time; it confirms the arrangement of the cephalic papillae as reported in the original species description. Philometra mexicana is the fifth species of Philometra reported from the gonads of marine fishes in the West Atlantic region.
18

Redescription of three Philometra spp. [Nematoda, Philometridae] from the gonads of marine perciforms fishes of Iskenderun Bay [North-East Mediterranean], Turkey

80%
Moravec F., Genc E.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2004
|
tom 49
|
nr 1
The following three species of Philometra Costa, 1845 were recorded from the gonads of marine perciform fishes off the northeastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea (Iskenderun Bay), Turkey: P. lateolabracis (Yamaguti, 1935) from Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) and Mycteroperca rubra (Bloch, 1793) (both Serranidae), P. filiformis (Stossich, 1896) from Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae), and P. saltatrix Ramachandran, 1973 from Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) (Pomatomidae). New data on the morphology of all these histozoic parasites were obtained with the use of light and scanning electron microscopy, which made it possible to redescribe these so far little-known species. Males of P. lateolabracis were redescribed in detail on the basis of specimens recovered from M. rubra; conspecific mature females from the same host were described for the first time. Philometra saltatrix was found for the first time since its original description and for the first time outside North America. The finding of P. lateolabracis in M. rubra represents a new host record. The possible importance of these pathogenic parasites for cultures of marine perciform fishes is stressed. A key to Philometra spp. parasitic in the gonads of marine fishes is provided.
19

Some philometrid nematodes [Philometridae], including four new species of Philometra, from marine fishes off New Caledonia

80%
Moravec F., Justine J.-L.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2008
|
tom 53
|
nr 4
Examinations of marine fishes off New Caledonia, South Pacific, carried out in 2003–2006, yielded some nematodes of the genus Philometra Costa, 1845, including the following three new species: P. cyanopodi sp. nov. (males and subgravid females) and P. lethrini sp. nov. (males and subgravid females) from the gonads of Epinephelus cyanopodus (Richardson) (Serranidae) and Lethrinus genivittatus Valenciennes (Lethrinidae), respectively, and P. lagocephali sp. nov. (gravid female) from the abdominal cavity of Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin) (Tetraodontidae). Another congeneric species P. fasciati sp. nov. from the gonads of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål) (Serranidae), originally reported as P. lateolabracis (Yamaguti, 1935), has been established with reference to the description of males and a mature female published by Moravec and Justine (2005). The new species are characterized mainly by the length of spicules and the length and structure of the gubernaculum, structure of the male caudal end (except for P. lagocephali), body size, location in the host and by the types of hosts. In addition, Philometra sp. (subgravid females) from the gonads of Lutjanus vitta (Quoy et Gaimard) (Lutjanidae) and Philometra cf. ocularis Moravec et al., 2002 (gravid female) from the oculo-orbit of Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål) were found, the latter representing a new host record.
20

Philometroides barbi sp.nov. [Nematoda, Philometridae] from Barbus meridionalis, a new philometrid from European freshwater fish

80%
Moravec F., Simkova A., Hanzelova V., Spakulova M., Cakic P.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2005
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
A new species of parasitic nematode, Philometroides barbi sp. nov., is described from subgravid and mature females parasitic in the Mediterranean barbel Barbus meridionalis Risso (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in France, Serbia and Slovakia. Mature females were recorded under the serosa of the host's swimbladder, whereas large subgravid females (body length 62.0-80.9 mm) were found in the abdominal cavity. One small subgravid specimen (body length 10.4 mm) was recovered from the fin. The new species differs from other congeners in possessing four conspicuously large caudal lobes; from many species it can be also differentiated by the distribution of cuticular bosses and by the structure and length of the oesophagus. P. barbi is the third species of Philometroides known from European freshwater fishes and the only representative of this genus in barbels (Barbus spp.).
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