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Differences in home range size in relation to sex, age, breeding and non-breeding periods were studied Home range size and overlap were examined at different den­sities values in populations of Akodon azarae (Fischer, 1829) on railway banks in southern Cordoba Province (Argentina). The sampling was carried out between October 1994, and February 1997, using the capture-mark-recapture method. Home range size in A, azarae was determined by sex and breeding period, and it was independent of the observed density values. Home range size of males was always larger than that of femaies. Increase of population density during the breeding period affected the degree of intersexual overlap of home range,
Arthropods obtained on Rattus norvegicus from Wrocław in 2003-2004 were studied. Also based on literature all arthropods occurring on this host in Poland are mentioned: 3 species of Anoplura, 12 species of Siphonaptera and at least 44 species of Acari. Arthropod communities and dynamic structure of arthropods for brown rat from Poland are given.
Different segments of the reproductive tract of 100 adult, non-pregnant, female African giant rats (AGR) were carefully examined, weighed, and measured. The ovaries were observed to be small, pinkish, and kidney-shaped. The uterus of the AGR was found to be uterus duplex. The live weight of the AGR was 999.7 ± 16.86 g. The weight, length, and width of the ovary were 0.095 ± 0.003 g, 0.750 ± 0.01 cm, and 0.01± 0.02 cm, respectively. The length of the oviduct, uterus, and vagina/vestibule were 4.44 ± 0.06 cm, 4.877 ± 0.11 cm, and 4.345 ± 0.07 cm, respectively. The weight and length of the entire tubular organs were 3.171 ± 0.01 g and 13.559 ± 0.18 cm with corresponding range values of 1.61–7.10 g and 7.80–17.40 cm, respectively. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 213–215)
Akodon azarae (J. Fischer, 1829) is a small omnivorous murid rodent that lives in environments with seasonal fluctuations of food. Seasonal variation in its body com­position and gut length, in relation to reproductive status, was studied. Physical Condition Index (PCI) and body composition showed seasonal differences, however, there were no differences in intestine length. The PCI was higher for both mature males and reproductive females compared to immature males and non-reproductive females. Lipid, protein and ash content showed differences in relation to reproductive status. The results suggest that A. azarae meets the additional costs of pregnancy and lactation by increasing energy intake, without relying on reserves.
Home range size and overlap ofCalomys musculinus (Thomas, 1913) was examined in relation to sex and breeding periods. The study was carried out in four 0.25 ha enclosures, in a natural pasture, between October 2002 and July 2003. The four enclosures functioned as independent populations and each was considered a replicate. The capture, mark and recapture method was used. Home range size and overlap inC. musculinus depended on sex and period. Home range size of males was always larger than that of females. Females showed a small degree of intra-sexual home range overlap during the breeding period. In general, male home ranges overlapped with females. We conclude that differences in home range size inC. musculinus is determined by sex and breeding period. Moreover, the degree of inter- and intra-sexual home range overlap during the breeding period suggests that both males and females ofC. musculinus use space differently. Females did not share their home range with other females, while males fully shared it with both sexes, and male spacing is influenced by the distribution of females. A promiscuous-polygynous mating system is suggested forC. musculinus.
Calomys venustus showed a cyclic seasonal pattern of reproductive activity characterized by a period of repose and a variable length of the period of sexual activity between August—September to May—June. The study was done from 1983 to 1999. During this time the population density increased from October—November to the end of autumn and sharply decreased in winter. Three peaks in rate of pregnancy were recognized in the breeding period: spring, summer and late summer. The average litter size was different among the three peaks in rate of pregnancy. The reproductive pattern had a peak at the beginning of the spring produced by overwintering animals, and another peak in summer-autumn caused by the reproductive activity of young born in the same period in which they breed. The spring cohort exhibited the greatest breeding contribution suggesting that this cohort is principally responsible for the yearly peak in abundance.
Preliminary study of memory processes in Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) a small rodent living in the wild steppes of Mongolia was discovered in 1866 and it is becoming increasingly popular as a pet. The present work is an introduction to describe the behavior of this species and to investigate the influence of gender and age on memory process. 40 gerbils divided into four study groups (young males, young females, adult males, adult females) were twice tested in a modified version of the Lashley III maze (repeat after a week). Using statistical tests memory parameters, the activity of animals and behavior associated with the level of stress were analyzed. Conducted observations and calculations performed showed no difference between the groups (p > 0.05), which leads to the conclusion that in Mongolian gerbils age and sex have no effect on memory.
This article reports the geographical and host distribution of the flea Stenoponia tripectinata on the Canary Islands. S. tripectinata is widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean and North Africa as a parasite of Muridae rodents. To date, Gran Canaria is the only island of the archipelago where S. tripectinata had been found. In this report, S. tripectinata has appeared parasitizing 116 specimens of Mus musculus out of a total of 660, and only 2 Rattus rattus of 215 captured. All the trapped Muridae hosts found to be parasitized by S. tripectinata came from humid biotopes. The results showed that S. tripectinata is present on all the western Canary Islands and on one of the eastern islands, Gran Canaria, the only island already reported. The detection of S. tripectinata on El Hierro, La Palma, La Gomera and Tenerife represents the first records of this flea species on those Canary Islands.
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