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This study investigated those factors which influenced the adoption of Moringa olefera as water purifier by the farmers in Kaduna state. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire from 30 respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logit regression model. The results showed that the respondents had one form of education or the other. About 90 percent were married average household size of 10 persons per household. About 73 percent adopted Moringa oleifera water purification. Socio-economic factors influencing adoption of Moringa oleifera water purification were age, education, extension contact and membership of cooperative. The study therefore recommends that farmers should form themselves into association because such association will aid in collective soliciting for government assistance, NGOs and other funding agencies. Also, more awareness should be created by the extension agents on the importance of Moringa oleifera seed powder in rural development.
A survey on the utilization potentials of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria was conducted in 2011. The survey involved 14 states (including the Federal Capital Territory) across the five agroecological zones. The 14 States were Borno, Kano, Adamawa, Kebbi, Kaduna, Niger, Nassarawa, Abuja (F.C.T), Kogi, Benue, Kwara, Oyo, Enugu and Anambra. A semi-structured questionnaire and field visits were adopted in this study while a multistage random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. The survey found more than 25 local names of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria. Widespread utilization of Moringa as food was observed with its use as vegetable in soup, as salad or herbal tea having particularly high scores. There was low awareness of Moringa oleifera as a domestic cleansing agent although about 30% of respondents used it in domestic water clarification. The species has high ethno-medicinal value, addressing close to 20 conditions including typhoid and malaria fever (78.7%), ear infection (71.8%), eye infection (66.9%), lowering of blood sugar (diabetes mellitus) (65.2%) and blood pressure (64.7%). It is evident that this important species is still underutilized in Nigeria and more efforts are required for a fuller exploitation of its rich potentials.
The crude extracts of phenolic compounds were obtained from drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) and sweet broomweed (Scoparia dulcis L.) leaves. The content of total phenolics in the extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Phenolic compounds present in the crude extracts showed antioxidant properties as revealed by the following determinations: the Total Antioxidant Activity (TAA), DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power. The content of total phenolics in the extract of Moringa oleifera leaves was 118 mg/g. The lower content of the total phenolics was noted for the Scoparia dulcis leaves extract: 88 mg/g. The extract of Moringa oleifera was characterized by the higher value of the TAA (0.636 μmol Trolox/mg) than Scoparia dulcis (0.432 μmol Trolox/mg). For the extracts of Moringa oleifera also the stronger antiradical activity against DPPH radical and reducing power were noted. Phenolic acids (derivatives of caffeic, p-coumaric or ferulic acids) were the dominant phenolic constituents of Moringa olifera leaves extract.
There is an increasing consensus that diversifying into the cultivation of ‘Neglected and Underutilized Species’ (NUS), in addition to growing conventional crops, offers a plethora of livelihood-enhancing benefi ts to small-scale agricultural households. Therefore this study examined the factors that influence small-scale farmers’ diversifi cation into the cultivation of the cashew nut plant (Anarcadium occidentale, Moringa oleifera and Jatropha curcas) in the guinea savannah region of Nigeria. We employed farm household-level survey data of the phenomenon in Kwara State. The data were analyzed using the Simson Index of Diversity (SID) and Tobit censored regression. Findings indicate that respondents diversified most into the cultivation of cashews (70.9%), followed by moringa (38.4%), and jatropha (11.3%). The extent of diversifi cation was positively infl uenced by the farm size (p < 0.01), household head’s education level (p < 0.01), membership in a cooperative (p < 0.01), and farm income (p < 0.1). It was negatively infl uenced by the land tenure system practiced (p < 0.05). Findings imply, inter alia, that small-scale farmers may avoid diversifi cation into these crops if they have a limited access to cultivated land. This study therefore advocates ensuring equitable access to farmland through a structural and legislative land tenure reform policy.
Bio-stimulants are in excessive demand for the sustainable production of floriculture crops. The current investigation was designed to find out the effect of naturally occurring growth stimulant moringa leaf extract (MLE) on the growth, flowering, post-harvest life and corm production of two gladiolus cultivars (cvs.) ‘Rose Supreme’ and ‘White Prosperity’. The research trial was laid out in the factorial arrangement under randomized complete block design. Corms were grown in the open field under local climatic conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Potential of exogenously applied (MLE; 30 times diluted) was evaluated. Treatments including spraying MLE at 3 leaves, 5 leaves, floral bud stage, one combination of these three stages relative to control with no foliar application. Application of natural bio-stimulant produced maximum height in both cvs. against T4. Both cvs. gave maximum stalk length in response to T4. The number of florets spike–1 found the maximum (13) in T1 compared to control T0 which yield (9) florets. Maximum vase life in sucrose solution (13.33 days) was exhibited by T1 for both cvs. while minimum (10 days) in T0. In cultivar comparison earlier spike emergence was observed in ‘White Prosperity’. In ‘Rose Supreme’ maximum corm weight was attained in response to T3 (43.43 g) while minimum (30.33 g) in T0.‘White Prosperity’ produced maximum weight (40.33 g) against T4 whereas minimum by control. The cultivar mean comparison showed the superiority of cormel diameter in ‘Rose Supreme’ (10.93 mm) than ‘White Prosperity’ (9.13 mm). In treatment comparison, T4 produced maximum diameter (12.04 mm) in ‘Rose Supreme’ moreover, T2 induced maximum (9.57 mm) diameter in ‘White Prosperity’.
Low-temperature results in various physiological and metabolic disturbances in cells of plants which are sensitive to low-temperatures. Moringa is getting popularity as a field crop because of its multipurpose usage. There is no information available about effects of low-temperature (14-18℃) on moringa seedlings and its mitigation. The present study was conducted to test the performance of moringa seedling grown in wire house under low-temperature conditions in response to foliar application of moringa leaf extract (3% solution), hydrogen peroxide (5 ml L⁻¹), ascorbic acid (50 mg L⁻¹) and salicylic acid (50 mg L⁻¹). Seeds of six moringa accessions [Local landrace grown at Agronomic Research Area, Z.A Hashmi Hall, Firdous Colony; Exotic landrace grown at Lalazaar Colony, Department of Agronomy and Agronomic Research Area] were collected and grown in polythene bags filled with equal ratio of compost, sand, silt and clay. All foliar treatments were applied twice; the first round at the seedling age one month and the second round at the seedling age two months. Foliar application of moringa leaf extract significantly enhanced number of branches (92%) and leaves (39%), leaf total chlorophyll contents (73%), leaf phenolic contents (53%) and membrane stability index (57%) of moringa seedlings compared to control. Healthy and vigorous growth of moringa seedlings with higher concentration of antioxidants ensured the defensive potential of moringa leaf extract against low-temperature condition.
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