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Pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus F.) (PB) is one of the most serious pest in rapeseed cultivations in Poland and in other European countries. The pest is known because of its high metabolic potency towards various toxins. Constant and strong selective pressure of different insecticides used to control this pest, has resulted in resistance of PB to many active substances. In connection with this situation, constant monitoring of pollen beetle susceptibility level to all recommended active substances of insecticides is necessary. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of active substances, most often used in Western Poland for PB control. Resistance of pollen beetle to some pyrethroid active substances and organophosphorous insecticide — phosalone and high susceptibility to chlorpyrifos-ethyl was found. Resistance of pollen beetle requires constant insecticide susceptibility level monitoring and using IRM strategy.
Insects’ resistance to insecticides is based on genetical mechanisms created during the time of evolution. Selective pressure of insecticides generates a quick increase of resistance in case of numerous insect species. The results of presented research showed that three pest species (Meligethes aeneus, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, Leptinotarsa decemlineata) with similar control history, have showed a different level of susceptibility to esfenvalerate, acetamiprid and chlorpyrifos. To solve the problem of insect resistance to insecticides. the following requirements should be fulfilled: managing chemical plant protection, carrying out constant monitoring of resistance level and working out strategies preventing resistance phenomenon.
The aim of the studies was to determine the level of damage to registered cultivars of winter oilseed rape caused by pests. The following oilseed rape pests were taken into consideration: turnip ceutorrynchus (Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll.), cabbage stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus quadridens Panz.) and pollen beetle (Melighetes aeneus F.). The studies were carried out in 2007–2009 on 53 registered cultivars of winter oilseed rape in Poland, including 20 restored hybrids, 2 composite hybrids and 31 open-pollinated hybrids. Field experiments were located in two Plant Breeding Stations: Borowo and Małyszyn, and Experimental Field Station of Research Centre for Cultivar Testing – Rarwino. In Poland, the damage to oilseed rape plants caused by stem pests (turnip ceutorrhynchus and cabbage stem weevil) increases. Stem pest cause most losses, especially, in the south-western part of Poland. The factors favourable for these pests’ development are agrotechnical simplifications and warm springs. Last years pollen beetle was considered as a less harmful pest causing lower losses in some regions of Poland. Damage to oilseed rape cultivars caused by stem pests and pollen beetle depends on agroclimatic conditions and diversified varietal factors. The results of performed studies did not show any significant differences in the level of damage to winter oilseed rape cultivars caused by pests.
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