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Antioxidant properties of Mediterranean food plant extracts: geographical differences

100%

Schaffer S., Schmitt-Schillig S., Muller W. E., Eckert G. P.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2005

tom 56

nr 1

115-124

Locally grown, wild food plants seasonally contribute a considerable portion of the daily diet in certain Mediterranean areas and it has been suggested that the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on human health partly originate from the antioxidant effect of flavonoid-rich food plants. The nutrient content of most wild plants is higher than that of cultivated ones and may vary depending on the prevailing environmental conditions. Accordingly, three local Mediterranean plant foods (i.e. Cichorium intybus, Sonchus oleraceus, Papaver rhoeas) were collected in Greece (Crete), southern Italy, and southern Spain in order to assess possible differences in their in vitro antioxidant potential. The biological assays revealed diverse intra-plant specific antioxidant effects for the tested extracts ranging from no activity to almost complete protection. Furthermore, substantial differences in the polyphenol content were found for the nutritionally used part of the same plant originating from different locations. However, no clear correlations between the polyphenol content and the extracts' antioxidant activities were found. Taken together, the data suggest that certain local Mediterranean plant foods possess promising antioxidant activity and that the observed biological effects are possibly influenced by the geographically-dependent environmental conditions prevailing during plant growth.

The ethnobotanical study of local Mediterranean food plants as medicinal resources in Southern Spain

84%

Rivera D., Obon C., Inocencio C., Heinrich M., Verde A., Fajardo J., Llorach R.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2005

tom 56

nr 1

97-114

We studied medicinal and food plant species, recording an extraordinary number of species and uses in Castilla-La Mancha, Murcia and Valencia in Spain. Focusing on two demographically distinct regions - Castilla-La Mancha and Lower Segura Valley. A high proportion of the flora (20 to 30 %) is known for its medicinal properties, and, interestingly, a high number of medicinal-food plants (5 to 7 %) is recorded. The concept of "Local Food" involves the whole repertory of species that characterises the local diet (incl. local cultivars and non-cultivated gathered food plants). The number of food plant species varies between 15 and 25 % of the vascular flora, and for the gathered food plants (GFP) this decreases to a 3 to 8 %. Those GFP that are also used for medicinal purposes are only 2 to 4 % of the total vascular flora. The relevant plant families are very similar in relative numbers along the different areas: Compositae, Rosaceae and Umbelliferae, followed of Boraginaceae, Liliaceae, Cruciferae, and Caryophyllaceae. Chenopodiaceae, Polygonaceae and Gramineae are less unifomly represented or in lesser numbers. The high species diversity does not imply a general dietary relevance of this particular plant family. For instance Caryophyllaceae with a relatively low number of species comprises the "collejas" (Silene vulgaris) that have shown to be the more widely consumed species. Information regarding 145 species has been recorded. Among the Gathered Food Plant Species 81 are used in medicine, in double proportion than the cultivated food plants. 61 are orally administered, in the same form as food.

Mediterranean food and health: building human evidence

84%

Visioli F., Bogani P., Grande S., Galli C.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2005

tom 56

nr 1

37-49

Adherence to a Mediterranean style diet affords protection from degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Identification of the active constituents of the Mediterranean diet is crucial to the formulation of appropriate dietary guidelines. Also, research on the pharmacological properties of the "minor components" of this diet, eg vitamins and polyphenols, is very active and might lead to the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Even though in vitro data are plentiful, human studies are difficult to perform due to ethical and practical reasons. Yet, intervention trials represent the best approach to validate claims of healthful activities. This article reviews human evidence of the biological properties of olive oil and tomato constituents and illustrates a research approach by which the bioactive elements of a wild plant (Cynara cardunculus) are first studied in vitro to build biochemical evidence, then in vivo to obtain proof of their vasomodularoty activity.

Ograniczanie wyników

3 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

1 Bogani P.

1 Eckert G. P.

1 Fajardo J.

1 Galli C.

1 Grande S.

1 Heinrich M.

1 Inocencio C.

1 Llorach R.

1 Muller W. E.

1 Obon C.

1 Rivera D.

1 Schaffer S.

1 Schmitt-Schillig S.

1 Verde A.

1 Visioli F.

3 2005

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Antioxidant properties of Mediterranean food plant extracts: geographical differences

The ethnobotanical study of local Mediterranean food plants as medicinal resources in Southern Spain

Mediterranean food and health: building human evidence