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Dolichols isolated from leaves of the fern Matteucia struthiopteris were present as a mixture of prenologues composed of 14 up to 20 isoprene units with Dol-16 dominating. They comprised approximately 0.004% of the fresh weight of fresh plant tissue and were accompanied by traces of polyprenols (Pren-14 up to Pren-17, Pren-16 dominating). Their structure was confirmed by electropray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This is the first time that dolichols have been reported as dominating polyisoprenoid alcohols in plant photosynthetic tissue.
One of the many areas where Matteucia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. is found in Poland is the upper part of the Vistula River Valley, mainly in the Silesian Foothills and the Silesian Beskid. From 2005 to 2010, floristic and phytosociological studies were carried out to determine the presence of ostrich fern stands and plant communities that contain this species. As a result of this study, 31 sites on which the species was found were identified. With the help of phytosociological relevés collected using the Braun-Blanquets method, six plant associations were identified that are subject to different levels of anthropopressure. The most commonly observed form the degeneration of plant communities containing the species is neophytisation. In all of the phytocoenoses studied, from two to nine kenophytes were identified. Of these, Impatiens glandulifera, Reynoutria japonica and Robinia pseudoacacia play a significant role in shaping phytocoenoses and pose a threat to the Matteucia struthioptheris population. In order to protect sites on which Matteucia struthiopteris grows, it is necessary to mechanically combat invasive plant species and extend legal protection to the best preserved phytocoenoses which contain the species.
The results of phytosociological studies on the diversity of alder-ash and willow communities in the Pogórze Strzyżowskie foothills are presented. These communities, especially Carici remotae-Fraxinetum are increasingly rare in the landscape of the Carpathians. The paper supports new data allowing better understanding of the diversity of the Carici remotae-Fraxinetum in the southern Poland. On the basis of 59 phytosociological releves two sub-associations were identified: C.r.-F. chrysosplenietosum and C. r.-F. equisetetosum maximii and the form with Alnus incana. The association Carici remotae-Fraxinetum belongs to submontane regional form and to East Carpathian variant. The significance of Caltha palustris-Chaerophyllum hirsutum community is also presented, along with the role of Carex pendula and Matteucia struthiopteris. The paper provides also documentary data on sporadic occurrence of Salicetum triandro-viminalis and Salicetum albo-fragilis communities.
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