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The treatment of seborrheic dermatitis (SD) includes topical antifungal agents to eradicate Malassezia spp. corticosteroids to treat the inflammatory component of the disease, and keratolytics to remove scale and crust. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of sertaconazole 2% cream and tacrolimus 0.03% cream in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. In this clinical trial study, sixty patients suffering from SD were studied. Thirty patients received local sertaconazole 2% cream with a recommendation to use the cream twice a day for 4 weeks. In the control group, thirty patients received tacrolimus 0.03% cream twice a day for four weeks. At the time of referral, and 2 and 4 weeks after first visit, the patients were examined by a dermatologist to check the improvement of clinical symptoms. The mean ages of the sertaconazole and tacrolimus groups were 30.98 ± 12.24 and 34.67 ± 10.82, respectively. The highest level of satisfaction (90%) was observed 28 days after sertaconazole use. Only 83.3% satisfaction was noted in the tacrolimus group. The relationship between patient satisfaction and sertaconazole 2% cream receive in 28th day was significant (P=0.006). Sertaconazole 2% cream may be an excellent alternative therapeutic modality for treating seborrheic dermatitis.
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The aim of the work was analyzing of genomic DNA of Malassezia pachydermatis isolates from clinical cases otitis externa from dogs using RAPD method with arbitrary primers Eric1R, Eric2, BG2 and FM1. Materials and methods. 47 strains of M. pachydermatis isolates from clinical cases otitis externa from dogs were tested. Isolation of genomic DNA was provided according with MasterPureTM Yeast DNA Purification Kit EPICENTRE procedure. The quality of isolated genomic DNA was determined electrophoreticaly. For differentiation the following primers were used: Eric1R, Eric2, BG2 and FM1. Primers Eric 1R and Eric 2 were used together in one reaction or amplificated separately. Obtained products were analyzed electrophoreticaly in 1.5% agarose gel. For determination of phylogenic tree Quantity one VersaDoc (BioRad) and Statgraphics plus 4.1 programs were used. Results. High degree of heterogeneity of DNA among investigated isolates of M. pachydermatis was shown using FM1 primer. Dendrograms were prepared by calculation euclid's distance of different parameters (size and count of RAPD products) by nearest neighbor method. Basing on phylogenic tree four main types (phylogenic groups) of M. pachydermatis isolates were shown. The other five groups non-count was shown also.
Otitis externa (OE) is one the major health problems in canine and feline practice. The most common clinical signs observed in these cases include presence of otic discharge, odor and, usually, manifestations of ear pain and/or pruritus. The aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of otitis externa in dogs, analysis of clinical aspects of this disease and the estimation of the usefulness of cytology in the diagnosis of the causes OE. The study was conducted on 100 dogs in which their medical history, clinical and otoscopic examination revealed the presence of OE. During physical examination samples for cytology from vertical and horizontal parts of the external auditory canal were taken using sterile cotton swabs. The otitis externa was recognized in animals of various ages, most commonly in 1-7 years-of-age (a mean age of 4.5 years). The study showed that Yorkshire terriers, Spaniels, Boxers, Labradors and Golden Retrievers were overexpressed, on the other hand, in mongrels, German Shepherds and Dachshunds otitis externa was recognized more seldom than in other breeds. In most cases (55%) OE were recognized for the first time, less frequent were chronic/recurrent otitis externa (23% cases), periodically or sporadically (14% cases), in 8% of dogs the disease was considered as incompletely treated. Cytological examination revealed the presence of various pathogens in 88% of the cases, the most common yeast with Malassezia morphology were observed, rarely, bacterial or mixed infections (yeast + bacteria) were recognized, in 10 cases the presence of parasites was found during microscopic examination.
The study investigated 180 clinically healthy dogs and 35 cats with symptoms of otitis externa. 96 strains of Malassezia were isolated, including 13.5% (13 strains) of the lipid-dependent species, and the remainder was classified as M. pachydermatis. Ten lipophilic isolates came from diseased animals, two of which were isolated from dogs. M. globosa (5 strains), M. sympodialis (5 strains), M. furfur (one strain) were isolated within the lipophilic strain pool by using phenotype classification and two isolate species remained unidentified. Genotype identification was performed by PCR-REA (ITS, 26S,Bt) and biochemical identification results for all M. sympodialis and M. globosa strains were confirmed. The M. furfur strain and two isolates of an unrecognizable species were reclassified to M. pachydermatis. Isolating lipid-dependent Malassezia strains from animals having otitis externa is a unique phenomena, and, it seems, that this is the first time in which their isolation and identification from dogs by the use of molecular biology techniques has been described.
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