The taxonomy of the ant subgenus Dendrolasius Ruzsky, 1912 is reviewed on the base of the investigation of types and of non-type material of several species. L. fuji is described as a new species, which includes former L. fuliginosus (Latreille, 1798) from the East Palaearctic. L. nipponensis Forel, 1912, proposed by Espadaler et al. 2001 as the replacement name for "oriental fuliginosus", actually is a good species and the senior synonym of L. crispus Wilson, 1955;L. orientahs Karawajew, 1912 is revived from synonymy and is considered as the senior synonym of L. teranishii Wheeler, 1928; L. capitatus Kusnetzov-Ugamsky, 1928 is considered as a good species, different from L. crispus. A key to Dendrolasius workers and queens from the Eastern Palaearctic is also given.