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Prediction of the distribution of Alpine tree species under climate change scenarios: Larix chinensis in Taibai Mountain (China)

100%

Zhao X., Meng H., Wang W., Yan B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2016

tom 64

nr 2

Larix chinensis, an endangered and endemic alpine tree, occurs on Mt. Taibai in the Qinling Mountains, China. The extreme sensitivity of this species to climate change makes predicting its future distribution important. Using high-resolution remote-sensing imagery, and the Maxent model, we analysed the current distribution and forecast future distribution of L. chinensis under two climate change scenarios, IPCC A2 and IPCC B2. The results showed that three dominant climatic factors influenced the geographic distribution of L. chinensis: mean annual temperature, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, and precipitation of wettest month. Currently, L. chinensis mainly concentrated at 3100 m and covers an area of 53.52 km². The population on the southern slope covers approximately twice the area of that on the northern slope; the model simulations indicated that the area of suitable habitat would decrease continually under two climate change scenarios, A2 and B2; the decrease was more obvious in scenario A2, and the range in scenario A2 covers approximately twice the area of that in scenario B2. Under both scenarios, L. chinensis would first be extirpated at lower elevations, and the suitable habitat of this species would move to higher elevations in the Taibai Mountains.

Forest patch dynamics initiated by disturbance: distribution pattern of Larix chinensis (Bessen) patches along the altitudinal gradient in relation to light and temperature conditions (Qinling Mts. China)

80%

Duan R.-Y., Huang M.-Y., Wang X.-A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2013

tom 61

nr 2

According to the theory of forest growth cycle, forest communities are dynamic mosaic systems composed of patches in different development stages. On basis of measurement of the four patch types [gap phase (G), building phase (B), mature phase (M) and degenerate phase (D)], the distribution pattern of different patch types and heterogeneity of the light and temperature along an altitudinal gradient were analyzed. The study forests were located in Larix chinensis forests in the Taibai Natural Reserve, and the whole forest was divided into three transects, i.e. low altitude (2900–3000 m a.s.l.), middle altitude (3100–3200 m a.s.l.) and high altitude (3300–3400 m a.s.l.). The implications of environmental heterogeneity on species coexistence and maintenance of species diversity were discussed in this paper. Our results were as follows: (1) In different elevation gradient, the proportions of the four patch types were different. Compared with low elevation and high elevation, in middle elevation, the proportions of gap phase and building phase were obviously lower; while the proportions of mature phase and degenerate phase were noticeably higher. In different elevation gradient, the distribution pattern of the four patch types was changed to some extent. (2) The daily change patterns of light and temperature in different patch types in forest cycle were different. The light intensity was much greater in gap phase than in the other three phases. The light intensity and its amplitude of changes in different patch types followed the order of G>D>B≥M. Air temperature in different patch types followed the order of G>B>D≥M. The amplitude of diurnal temperature changes in air and soil surface followed the order of G>D>B>M. (3) With elevation increasing, light intensity, the biggest air temperature, biggest soil temperature and temperature difference in four patch phase increased significantly, and average air temperature and average soil temperature significantly decreased. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity of ecological factors in different patch types in forest cycle provided a basis to maintain the coexistence of different species with different characteristics within forest community.

Recruitment pattern of tree populations along an altitudinal gradient: Larix chinensis Beissn in Qinling Mountains [China]

80%

Duan R. Y., Wang X.-A., Tu Y.-B., Huang M.-Y., Wang C., Zhu Z.-H., Guo H.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2009

tom 57

nr 3

451-459

Larix chinensis Beissn is an endangered plant found only in the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, northwestern China. It is densely distributed in the alpine and subalpine belt on their highest peak Taibai Mountain. Age structure studies along a montane altitudinal gradient would be helpful in understanding the limiting factors on the regeneration of natural forests. The forest was divided into three transects, i.e., lower limit (2900–3000 m), mid-altitude (3100–3200 m) and upper limit (3300–3400 m). The age structures differed across altitude classes. The age structure in the low altitude transect was closed to bell-shaped and characterized by the dominance of adult trees. A reverse-J shape age structure was found in the mid-altitude transect. Multi-modal age distribution was found in the high altitude transect, and was caused by lack of young seedlings and saplings. This suggests that different limiting factors play important roles in shaping the age structure and forest regeneration at different altitudes. In the low altitude, light availability was probably the most important limiting factor. In the mid-altitudinal transect, density dependent intraspecific competition between trees likely controlled regeneration of L. chinensis. We suggest that limiting climatic factors, e.g. temperature, play an important role in determining the age structure of L. chinensis populations in highaltitude areas.

Ograniczanie wyników

3 Polish Journal of Ecology

2 Huang M.-Y.

2 Wang X.-A.

1 Duan R. Y.

1 Duan R.-Y.

1 Guo H.

1 Meng H.

1 Tu Y.-B.

1 Wang C.

1 Wang W.

1 Yan B.

1 Zhao X.

1 Zhu Z.-H.

1 2016

1 2013

1 2009

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Prediction of the distribution of Alpine tree species under climate change scenarios: Larix chinensis in Taibai Mountain (China)

Forest patch dynamics initiated by disturbance: distribution pattern of Larix chinensis (Bessen) patches along the altitudinal gradient in relation to light and temperature conditions (Qinling Mts. China)

Recruitment pattern of tree populations along an altitudinal gradient: Larix chinensis Beissn in Qinling Mountains [China]