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A total of 136 fishes, representing 9 species (perch, Perca fluviatilis L.; pike, Esox lucius L.; European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.); common bream, Abramis brama (L.); roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.); tench Tinca tinca (L.); European whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.); vendace, Coregonus albula (L.); and zander, Sander lucioperca (L.)), from Lake Miedwie were studied within 1997-1999. The necropsies yielded 41 parasite species (taxa). The most diversified were parasite faunas of pike (19 parasite species) and perch (16 species) The parasites found represented 13 higher taxa: Monera, Fungi, Protista, Myxozoa, Monogenea, Cestoda, Digeoea, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Branchiura, Copepoda, Mollusca, and Acarina. The parasites affecting fishes of Lake Miedwie exbibited diversified host-specificity. The most fish species were infectcd by metacercariae of Diplostomum spp. (8 fish species) and Tylodelphys clavata (1). Three fish species harboured: Ichthyocotylurus platycephalus, Ergasilus sieboldi, and glochidia Unionidae gen. sp. white Dermocystidium sp., Trichodinella epizootica, Henneguya psorospermica, Triaenophorus nodulosus, Posthodiplostomum cuticula, and Camallanus lacustris parasitised two host species. The remaining parasites were found in single fish species.
Background. Due to its economical importance the vendace has been considered one of the most important items of the ichthyofauna of Polish lakes. This is mainly because of favourable biological features of this species, namely: short (2-3 years) period of attaining market size, relatively fast growth rate, schooling behaviour facilitating catches, and most of all the high meat value, making it a desirable consumer item. Materials and Methods. Biological characters were determined in 451 vendace from Lake Miedwie, caught in spring, (124 individuals), summer (132), late summer (87), and autumn (108). The age and growth rates of the fish were determined based on scales using commonly accepted methods. Fulton- and Clark coefficients were used to determine the fish condition. Results. The fish caught were 180-294 mm-long (TL) and weighed 45.2-176.3 g. Mean values of the Fulton coefficient indicated a pronounced improvement in the fish condition from spring to later summer (0.70 and 0.80, respectively) and a slight reduction in autumn (0.75). The age composition of the fish was as follows: 1+, 213 individuals (47.2%); 2+, 229 ind. (50.8%); 3+, 9 ind. (2.0%). The von Bertalanffy equations that describe theoretical growth of the fish examined in length (Lt) and weight (Wt), were calculated. Conclusion. According to the generally accepted criteria of the vendace growth rate, the Lake Miedwie individuals showed a very good growth, higher than that recorded in populations inhabiting other whitefish lakes of Polish Western Pomerania, which indicates the availability of appropriate food resources for the vendace in the Miedwie.
Polythene sheets deployed in Lake Miewie (area 3500 ha) were chiefly colonized by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha Pall. They were also used as substratum by freshwater triclads, oligochaetes, leeches, and snails for attaching eggs, and as spawning ground by fish. On the other hand, the development of algae on them was very poor. The sheets survived undamaged a year in the littoral zone of the lake characterized by very strong waves and horizontal currents.
The authors investigated of the mycoflora developing on the eggs of Miedwie whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus maraena). 32 aquatic zoosporic fungus species developed on the eggs, including 24 of the order Saprolegniales and 8 of the Peronosporales.
The paper presents the analysis of relationships between variations in Fulton′s condition coefficient (K) and the exponent n in the length-weight (L-W) relationship. When n < 3, K was observed to decrease with fish size; a reverse was true when n > 3. On the other hand, the condition coefficient K′ (Bagenal and Tesch 1978) remained constant and not related to fish size, regardless of n. The two coefficients were used to study condition of the Lake Miedwie pike (85 individuals) and perch (316 individuals) and to determine relationships between condition on the one hand and the fish length, weight, water temperature, and feeding intensity on the other. Four mathematical functions (linear, power, log, and exponential) were applied to study the relationships in each species. In addition, relationships between condition and water temperature and feeding intensity were explored by means of multiple regression. Condition of the two species studied was found to be similar to that reported earlier from water bodies of the former USSR, Węgorzewo Lake District, and the River Odra estuary.
The Lake Miedwie vendace feeding was studied in summer 2000. The vendace food was found to contain 7 zooplankton species, Leptodora kindtii being a clear dominant in terms of weight, abundance, and frequency. The L. kindtii domination was maintained throughout the period of study. In late summer, stomachs of females contained less food than those of males did. The observations are discussed against a backdrop provided by results of an earlier zooplankton study.
The paper presents the impact of pollutants from areas intensively used for agriculture on the quality of shallow groundwater in the drainage basin of Lake Miedwie, which is the main source of potable water for the city of Szczecin. This groundwater, due to the poor insulation against the penetration of contaminants from the surface, is a good indicator of the environmental pressure level from agriculture. The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical composition as well as the pH and electrolytic conductivity of waters of the first Quaternary aquifer in the catchment area of Lake Miedwie, located in the municipality of Warnice, which is characterized by intensive farming. The results indicate that there has been a noticeable improvement over the last ten years in the quality of groundwater, and periodic increases in the levels of certain chemical parameters such as ammonium nitrogen (6.070 mg dm-3), nitrate nitrogen (225.1 mg dm-3), phosphate phosphorus (2.635 mg dm-3) or potassium (452.0 mg dm-3) can be explained by negligence or insufficient knowledge of farmers with respect to manure storage and rational use of mineral fertilizers. Correlation analysis of the sum of chemical parameters regarding conductivity demonstrated a virtually absolute relationship (r=0.948 at p=0.001), confirming a close relationship of groundwater’s chemical parameters with the properties of the physical parameter such as specific electrolytic conductivity. Moreover, it was shown that the specific electrolytic conductivity of groundwater of 8 piezometric intakes tested was mainly shaped by the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) for all chemical parameters analyzed.
Miedwie Lake is the biggest post-glacial lake of the West-Pomeranian Voievodship. At the same time it is the fifth of the largest lakes in Poland. As regards the geographical situation, Miedwie Lake is situated centrally between three big agglomerations i.e. Szczecin, Stargard Szczecinski and Pyrzyce (Fig. 1). The lake lies on the territory of three municipalities: Pyrzyce and Warnice in the District of Pyrzyce as well as Stargard Szczecinski in the District of Stargard (Rozmiarek 1983, Szyper 1990). At the moment, the reservoir is characterised with the regular, prolonged shape resembling an ellipse. Banks are shallow, regular and sometime very wet. The lake has the belt of the nearshore reaching locally tens metres far from the lake bank, what is the reason, together with the fact that the wind blows always here, that it is convenient for practising the various kinds of water sports. The lake area amounts to 3 527 ha; maximal depth – 43.8 m; average depth – 19.3 m; water capacity – 681.7 mln m3; shore-line length – 38.8 km; water level datum 14.1 m above sea level; maximal width 3.16 km; maximal length 16.2 km. The lake’s bottom is the lowest situated area on the territory of Poland.
Studies on the Lake Miedwie zooplankton, associated with measurements of water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and transparency showed the presence of at least 35 rotifer, 10 cladoceran, and 10 copepod species as well as the occurrence of mesotrophic lake indicators: Bythotrephes longimanus, Cyclops scutifer, and Daphnia cristata. The mesotrophic status of the lake is documented also by the structure of the zooplankton community and by the results of the Daphnia magna test for water fertility. All the data demonstrate the improvement in the lake’s condition, compared to that in the 1980s. The results obtained attest to the need of biotic parameters to be incorporated into Lake Miedwie monitoring.
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