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On June 15, 2007 in the valley of the Ri- ver Raba near the village Marszowice (sou- thern Poland) Platycnemis pennipes (2 ) and Ischnura elegans (1 ) were caught to a light trap. Both species occurred nume- rously on the river or in an adjacent gravel- pit and they were probably activated by the strong light.
So far it has been regarded that Ischnura spp. is univoltine species in Poland. In 2010 the situations pointing out the emergence of the second generations were observed. In 2011 the studies designed to provide this evidence were conducted. A new and isolated pond (2x2 m, depth to 40 cm) was created in March in order to eliminate the possibility of the emergence of the first generation. It was situated near two shallow water bodies where in 2010 the larvae of Ischnura pumilio were found. In 2011 dynamics of the population in the new pond, two near shallow water bodies as well as in one large and deep water body were studied. The results confirmed the second generations of both species in the new pond and two shallow water bodies in its vicinities. Data from the large and deep water body did not confirm the emergence of the second generation of Ischnura elegans but also did not deny it. Metamorphoses lasted from the beginning of May till the end of August, with the peak in the second half of May. The time of larval development could be elongated by different water temperature than in small water bodies. However, the length of the development in experimental conditions at the temperature of 20–27°C is 60–70 days, and these temperatures prevailed for most of the season in the shore zone of this water body. Therefore, one can not exclude the possibility of development of the second generation in it – especially that it would explain the period of metamorphoses lasting up to four months. The full development of the second generation of Ischnura pumilio in the dug up pond lasted up to 60 days. This is the shortest development time found in the wild in Central Europe, similar to that of the development of I. pumilio in southern France, and the data from the breeding of other species of the genus (I. verticalis – 58 days, I. elegans – 60–70 days). The time of full development of the second generation of I. elegans in this water body was up to about 100 days. However, this water body was colonized by I. elegans reluctantly and the result may be unrepresentative. The time of development of the second generation of I. elegans may be much shorter, as indicated by the population dynamics in a shallow water body situated near the dug up pond. Data obtained during the research and a number of late records of I. pumilio indicate that the occurrence of the second generation of this species does not belong in Poland to rare exceptions. The arrangement of late records rather indicates the possibility of the emergence of the second generation in a large distribution area of the species in the country. Few observations of individual juveniles of I. pumilio in the half of September, and in one case 17 days after the record of the last juvenile specimen at the site, indicate the real probability of the emergence of even the part of the individuals of the third generation which requires further study.
Crocothemis erythraea belongs to rare species in Poland. Previously it was mainly recorded in southern and eastern part of the country, sites from the west were definitely less numerous. The site described in the paper near Dzwonów (53o24’43” N; 15o12’37” E) is the northernmost site of this species in Po- land. It is the complex of a dozen or so ponds with the total area of 500 ha. The biggest pond is shallow, with quickly heating up water of high transparency, with the bottom of silt partially overgrown by: Myriophyllum verticillatum, Potamogeton pectinatus, P. natans, Nuphar luteum and Polygonum amphibium. Shores of the pond are covered with a narrow belt of: Phragmites australis, Typha latipholia and Sparganium erectum. The presence of three males flying above dams was recorded. To the accompanying species belonged: Calopteryx splendens, Lestes sponsa, Erythromma najas, Ischnura elegans, Sympecma fusca, S. paedisca, Platycnemis pennipes, Coenagrion puella, C. pulchellum, Gomphus vulgatissimus, Orthetrum cancellatum, Libellula quadrimaculata and Sympetrum sanguineum. The conditions of this habitat provide the full development of Crocothemis erythraea. Due to the lack of the larvae it is only a possibility.
A case of predation by the Asilid Machimus sp. on adult Ischnura elegans was recorded in Skórzyn (western Poland, 52˚07’17,18”N, 15˚02’21,18”E).
The paper presents results of a study on dragonflies conducted on a pond called Staw Goślicki, situated in the forest of Puszcza Wkrzańska. Five research sites were established over the area of the studied water body, where both adult specimens and larvae were collected. In total, 350 individuals were collected, which belonged to 17 dragonfly species; 297 adult specimens (45 females and 252 males) and 53 larvae were collected. The odonatofauna was mostly composed of eurytopic species. The most frequent species (75–100% frequency) included Cordulia aenea, Coenagrion puella and Libellula quarimaculata. The following species belonged to the second frequency class (50–74%): Enallagma cyathigerum, Erythromma najas, Ischnura elegans, Pyrrhosoma nymphula, Aeshna cyanea and Sympetrum sanguineum. The third frequency class (25–49%) included Coenagrion pulchellum, Coenagrion hastulatum, Lestes dyras and Lestes sponsa.
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