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Heavy and transition metals are of special importance from the ecotoxicological point of view, both because of the high toxicity of compounds containing in these metals and because of their accumulation in various organisms. Information on their content in plants and animals is of great botanical, nutritional and environmental interest. Some of the heavy and transition metals are toxic when their concentrations exceed certain values. After applying a microwave-assisted high pressure digestion system, a highly sensitive analytical technique based on ion chromatography under isocratic eluent flow-rate conditions (0.3 mL/min) was used. A bifunctional ion-exchange column (IonPac CS 5A, Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA, US A) together with PDCA (pyridine-2.6 dicarboxylic acid) eluent was applied. Detection of all metal ions was carried out by UVVis spectrophotometry (at 530 nm) after a post-column derivatization reaction applying 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR). The selected method of digestion of plant sample and the application of the optimized chromatographic system to heavy metal analysis of Hyssopus officinalis L. are presented in this work. Linear and non-linear calibration curves for all ions were constructed using a weighted least-squares (WLS) regression model in order to estimate properly detection and quantitation limits obtained during the analysis on IonPac CS 5A column. The LO Ds for all the chromatographic tests were determined using Hubaux-Vos’ method.
The studies were carried out in the years 2003 and 2004 in the Laboratory of Plant Raw Material Processing and Storage and in the Department of Vegetable Crops of Agricultural University in Szczecin. The aim of the experiment was to estimate the biological value, and suitability for freezing and freeze-storage of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L.) were carried out. The chemical analysis were carried out in a raw, frozen and stored material. The determinations included the content of dry matter, total ash, total nitrogen, nitrates, vitamin C as L-ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, total sugars and crude fibre. Among tested in the experiment species the highest amount of dry matter, total nitrogen and nitrates was noted for hyssop. Chervil was characterized by a high content of total ash, total sugars, titrable acidity and L-ascorbic acid. The highest content of crude fibre was found in tarragon. After freezing the level of dry matter, total ash, total nitrogen, crude fibre, total sugars, titrable acidity and L-ascorbic acid decreased. The samples of herbs were frozen and stored at –25 ÷ –27°C for 6 and 12 months. Twelve-month storage had a significant influence on the further decrease of the content of total nitrogen, titrable acidity and L-ascorbic acid. Tested in the experiment spice herb cultivars showed a good ability for freezing and long-period cold storage. The dry matter loss after twelve month storage was on average 1.5%. According to the color, taste and aroma the highest quality after twelve month cold storage was noted for chervil. However, better preservation of L-ascorbic acid was found for hyssop and tarragon.
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