Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 25

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  Gram-positive bacterium
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Active support is needed for low copy-number plasmids to be stably maintained in bacterial cells. The mechanisms that fulfill this role are (i) partition systems (PAR) acting to separate plasmid molecules to daughter cells and (ii) toxin-andidote (TA) (post-segregational killing-PSK) systems which arrest cell growth until the plasmid reaches the correct copy-number or kill the cells that have not inherited the plasmid. Our knowledge of toxin-antidote systems comes mainly from studies on Gram-negative bacteria. However, some addiction systems of Gram-positive bacteria have been characterized in detail or recently identified. Altogether, they bring new interesting data on toxin-antidote functioning in bacteria.
The bacterial strains from the genera: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Achromobacter, and Flavimonas isolated from soil contaminated with crude oil were the subject of studies. The effect of the addition of rhamnolipids on cell surface properties and the removal efficiency of diesel oil were investigated. Rhamnolipids caused the modification of cell surface properties of tested strains, which depended on the amount of external additions of biosurfactant. Additionally, the decrease of Zeta potential was observed after the introduction of rhamnolipids to the diesel oil system. Particle size distribution provides information about system homogeneity and the tendency of particles toward agglomeration. Cell surface hydrophobicity during hydrocarbon biodegradation is a dynamic parameter. There were no different effects, after the addition of rhamnolipids, on the Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. Moreover, the addition of rhamnolipids does not always increase the efficiency of diesel oil biodegradation. The most effective bacterial strain in diesel oil removal was the genus Pseudomonas.
Low copy number plasmids cannot rely on the random segregation during bacterial cell division. To be stably maintained in the population they evolved two types of mechanisms (i) partition systems (PAR) that actively separate replicated plasmid molecules to the daughter cells and (ii) toxin-andidote systems (TA) that act after cell division to kill plasmid-less cells. Our knowledge of partition systems has been based mainly on analysis of plasmids from Gram-negative bacteria. Now, numerous partition systems of plasmids from Gram-positive bacteria have also been characterized and make significant contribution to our understanding of these mechanisms.
The postsegregational killing system of pSM19035 plasmid consists of the proteins Zeta and Epsilon, a toxin and an antidote, respectively. Zeta mutants were isolated with the use of Bacillus subtilis strain with the zeta gene under control of an inducible promoter integrated into the chromosome. Results of mutant analysis point to the amino terminal part of the Zeta protein as being responsible for the toxicity.
The adhesion of six different Lactobacillus and Lactococcus and three pathogenic Escherichia and Salmonella strains was studied using Caco-2 cell line. In this in vitro model system the influence of weak electric field (EF) on bacterial adhesion was tested. The EF source was the in vitro reconstruction of spiking potentials recorded in the duodenum of a healthy calf during one myoelectrical migration complex (MMC) cycle. The ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells of bacteria belonging to two groups, Gram-positive lactobacilli and lactococci, and Gram-negative Escherichia and Salmonella differed considerably. The pathogenic bacteria adhered better to well-differentiated Caco-2 cells whereas lactobacilli and lactococci displayed better adhesion to non-differentiated Caco-2 cells. In the presence of MMC-related EF an increased adhesion of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus but not of Salmonella enterica s. Enteritidis and E. coli 269 to Caco-2 cells was observed. Two later strains adhered even less in the presence of EF. The same tendency was found in the presence of pancreatic juice in a cell medium. In conclusion, the myoelectric component of the small intestinal motility, the MMC-related EF, and pancreatic juice may increase the ability of lactic acid bacteria to adhere to GI epithelial cells, creating better environmental conditions for colonization of the intestine and competition with Gram-negative pathogens.
The role of protein kinase A (PKA) in the humoral immune response of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae to live Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was investigated. The immune challenge of larvae with both kinds of bacteria caused an increase in fat body PKA activity depending on the injected bacteria. Gram-positive M. lysodeikticus was a much better inducer of the enzyme activity than Gram-negative E. coli. The PKA activity was increased about 2.5-fold and 1.5-fold, after M. lysodeikticus and E. coli injection, respectively. The in vivo inhibition of the enzyme activity by a cell permeable selective PKA inhibitor, Rp-8-Br-cAMPS, was correlated with considerable changes of fat body lysozyme content and hemolymph antimicrobial activity in bacteria-challenged insects. The kinetics of changes were different and dependent on the bacteria used for the immune challenge of G. mellonella larvae.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.