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Entelodon orientalis n.sp. (Suiformes) from the Oligocene of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia

100%

Dashzeveg D.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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1965

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tom 10

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nr 2

Two fragments of upper jaws of the genus Entelodon, found in the Oligocene of Khoer-Dzan near Dzamyn-Ude, Eastern Gobi Desert, are described. They are attributed to the new species, Entelodon orientalis n.sp.

2

The first multituberculate from the Uppermost Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia)

84%

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Sochava A. V.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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1969

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tom 14

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nr 3

Buginbaatar transaltaiensis n.gen., n.sp., assigned tentatively to the Cimolomyidae (Marsh), is described from an incomplete skull from the uppermost Cretaceous (?Maastrichtian) of Khaichin Ula, Bugin Cav Region, trans-Altaian Gobi, Mongolian People's Republic. The geological profile, in which the specimen was found, is characterized. The systematic position of Buginbaatar n.gen. within the suborder Taeniolabidoidea is discussed and it is shown that in some respects it is intermediate between the Cretaceous Cimolomyidae and Eucosmodontidae.

3

A new tritylodontid synapsid from Mongolia

84%

Watabe M., Tsubamoto T., Tsogtbaatar K.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2007

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tom 52

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nr 2

The Upper Jurassic Ulaan Malgait Beds in the Shar Teg locality of southwestern Mongolia have yielded remains of a new tritylodontid therapsid (Synapsida), Bienotheroides shartegensis sp. nov. The specimen consists of a fragmentary skull associated with lower jaws. It is assigned to Bienotheroides based on its short snout, a premaxilla−palatine contact, very reduced maxilla, relatively rounded corner of upper postcanine teeth (PC), and PC cusp formula of 2−3−3. It differs from the other species of Bienotheroides in having a much more reduced middle mesial cusp of PC. It further differs from B. zigongensis and B. ultimus in having shorter and wider PC, from B. ultimus in lacking a projection at the middle mesial margin of PC, and from B. wansienensis in lacking the vestigialmost mesiobuccal cusp of PC and in lacking a diastema between upper I1 and I2. This is the first discovery of the Tritylodontidae in Mongolia. This discovery extends the taxonomic (morphological) diversity and geographic range of Bienotheroides and underlies the success of the genus in the Middle to Late Jurassic biota of eastern Eurasia.

4

Upper Cretaceous amniotic eggs from Gobi Desert

67%

Sabath K.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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1991

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tom 36

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nr 2

There are described several types of Upper Cretaceous fossil amniote eggs, clutches and eggshells, collected during the Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expeditions (1963—1971) in several localities of the Gobi Desert. Isotopic ratios of C and О are reported and discussed. The eggs may be attributed to saurischian and ornithischian dinosaurs, and palaeognathous birds. Four types of problematica are also described. Taphonomy and restoration of eggshells’ diffusive properties as compared with modern hard-shelled eggs suggest paleoecological interpretation of the nesting conditions as rather dry for smooth-shelled eggs, humid for ornamented eggs, and very humid for the thickest-shelled eggs. Different nest types are postulated for ornamented and smooth eggs, based on taphonomy and shell parameters.

5

Postcranial skeleton of a Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Catopsbaatar

67%

Hurum J. H., Kielan-Jaworowska Z.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2008

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tom 53

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nr 4

We describe an incomplete postcranial skeleton of Catopsbaatar catopsaloides from the ?late Campanian red beds of Hermiin Tsav I, in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. The skeleton is fragmentary and the preservation of bone surface does not permit reconstruction of the musculature. The studied skeleton contains some parts not preserved or incompletely known in other multituberculate genera, such as a long spinous process in a single lumbar vertebra, which together with long transverse processes preserved in Nemegtbaatar, might indicate that at least some multituberculates had jumping ability. The calcaneus of Catopsbaatar is unusual, differing from most other multituberculates (where known) and other mammals by having a short tuber calcanei, with a large proximal anvil−shaped process strongly bent laterally and ventrally, arranged obliquely with respect to the distal margin of the calcaneus, rather than arranged at 90° to it, as in other mammals. This suggests the presence of strong muscles that attached to the tuber calcanei, perhaps further attesting to jumping abilities in Catopsbaatar. We also describe an unfused pelvic girdle and the first extratarsal spur bone (os cornu calcaris) known in multituberculates.

6

The first discovery of pterosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia

67%

Watabe M., Tsuihiji T., Suzuki S., Tsogtbaatar K.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2009

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tom 54

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nr 2

231-242

Cervical vertebrae of azhdarchid pterosaurs were discovered in two Upper Cretaceous (Baynshire Suite) dinosaur localities, Bayshin Tsav and Burkhant, in the Gobi Desert. These are the first discoveries of pterosaur remains in the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. The Burkhant specimen includes a nearly complete atlas−axis complex, which has rarely been described in this clade of pterosaurs. Although all elements comprising this complex are fused together, a wing−like atlas neural arch is still discernable. The postzygapophyseal facet of the axis is long anteroposteriorly and convex dorsally, and would likely have allowed a fairly large range of dorsoventral flexion at the axis−third cervical joint unlike in other well−known ornithocheiroids such as Pteranodon and Anhanguera. Both Mongolian localities represent inland, terrestrial environments, which were apparently not typical habitats of pterosaurs, thus adding further evidence for the ubiquity of Azhdarchidae during the Late Cretaceous.

7

Tarsioid primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People’s Republic

67%

Dashzeveg D., McKenna M. C.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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1977

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tom 22

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nr 2

A tiny tarsioid primate occurs in early Eocene sediments of the Naran Bulak Formation, southern Gobi Desert, Mongolian People's Republic. The new primate, Altanius orlovi, new genus and species, is an anaptomorphine omomyid and therefore belongs to a primarily American group of primates. Altanius is apparently not a direct ancestor of the Asian genus Tarsius. American rather than European zoogeographic affinities are indicated, and this in turn supports the view that for a time in the earliest Eocene the climate of the Bering Route was sufficiently warm to support a primate smaller than Microcebus.

8

An extended range of the multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert

67%

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Hurum J. H., Badamgarav D.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2003

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tom 48

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nr 2

The Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Kryptobaatar dashzevegi Kielan−Jaworowska, 1970 is the most common mammalian taxon in the Upper Cretaceous (?lower Campanian) rocks of the Djadokhta Formation at Bayan Zag¹ (= Bayn Dzak) and Tögrög (= Toogreek), and in the beds of Ukhaa Tolgod in the Gobi Desert. Kryptobaataris also common in the Bayan Mandahu Formation (equivalent of the Djadokhta Formation), Inner Mongolia, China, represented there by K. mandahuensis. Kryptobaatar has not been reported as yet from the younger (?upper Campanian) Baruungoyot Formation nor from its stratigraphic equivalents, the red beds of Hermiin Tsav (= Khermeen Tsav). In this paper we report the discovery of an incomplete skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi at Hermiin Tsav I. It is the second mammal species common to the Djadokhta and Baruungoyot Formations (the first being Deltatheridium pretrituberculare). We provide a corrected list of mammals found in the Late Cretaceous localities of the Gobi Desert, and we argue (albeit inconclusively), that mammal evidence shows that the Ukhaa Tolgod beds might be closer in time of deposition to the Djadokhta Formation than to that of the Baruungoyot Formation.

9

Skull structure in Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in multituberculate mammals

67%

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Hurum J. H., Lopatin A. V.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 3

The late Campanian djadochtatherioid multituberculate Catopsbaatar catopsaloides was originally known from three skulls from Hermiin Tsav in the Gobi Desert (Mongolia). Three more skulls from Hermiin Tsav are now available, associated with parts of the previously unknown postcranial skeleton, which will be described separately. We describe herein the skull and dentition of C. catopsaloides, based on all available material, housed in PIN, PM, and ZPAL collections. The genera Catopsbaatar, Djadochtatherium, and Kryptobaatar share several characters, unknown in Tombaatar, such as very long postorbital processes directed postero−laterally and downwards, parietal ridges extending from the posterior margins of the postorbital processes postero−medially, and nuchal crests with prominent lateral wings, incurved anteriorly in the middle, so that the skull in dorsal view is shorter in the middle than laterally. Catopsbaatar shares with Djadochtatherium a very high and prominent anterior zygomatic ridge, and presence of the masseteric protuberance, but differs from it and from other djadochtatherioid genera in having the orbit situated more posteriorly, the intermediate zygomatic ridge adhering to the anterior ridge, and a smaller trapezoidal (rather than crescent−shaped) p4 without ridges; it differs from Kryptobaatar and Djadochtatherium in having three upper premolars (P2 being lost) and shares this last character with Tombaatar. Catopsbaataris known not only from Hermiin Tsav, but also from Baruungoyot Formation of Khulsan, represented there by a single m2. We demonstrate that the separation of the masseter superficialis into two parts, the origins of which leave scars on the lateral wall of the zygomatic arch surrounded by zygomatic ridges, occurs in all the multituberculates (beginning with Paulchoffatiidae), and is regarded as a multituberculate autapomorphy.

Ograniczanie wyników

9 Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

4 Kielan-Jaworowska Z.

3 Hurum J. H.

2 Dashzeveg D.

2 Tsogtbaatar K.

2 Watabe M.

1 Badamgarav D.

1 Lopatin A. V.

1 McKenna M. C.

1 Sabath K.

1 Sochava A. V.

1 Suzuki S.

1 Tsubamoto T.

1 Tsuihiji T.

1 2009

1 2008

1 2007

1 2005

1 2003

1 1991

1 1977

1 1969

1 1965

Entelodon orientalis n.sp. (Suiformes) from the Oligocene of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia

The first multituberculate from the Uppermost Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia)

A new tritylodontid synapsid from Mongolia

Upper Cretaceous amniotic eggs from Gobi Desert

Postcranial skeleton of a Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Catopsbaatar

The first discovery of pterosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia

Tarsioid primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People’s Republic

An extended range of the multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert

Skull structure in Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in multituberculate mammals