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From May to November of 2001, the investigations were conducted on composting and vermicomposting of mixtures made from sewage sludge (obtained from Gryfino sewage treatment plant) with addition of various amounts of sawdust. Results of chemical analyse at the beginning and after 6 months of processing indicated that the vermicomposts compared with conventional composts, showed similar contents of dry matter and the most of microelements determined, but somewhat smaller contents of organic and mineral elements. Increased participation of sawdust (from 20 to 40 and 60%) in processed mixtures enhanced the content of organic matter, but lowered the contents of dry matter and microelements.
The aim of the research was to check the Eisenia fetida earthworm capability to inhabit a habitat of pure cellulose and to check the influence of such conditions on the earthworm biomass and survival rate. The observations were in progress for 7 months, in vases of one liter capacity filled with grained cellulose of 70% humidity. The content of each vase was systematically watered, and 4.5 g of sugar was added four times to half of the vases. Mature specimens of Eisenia fetida of known biomasses were used in the experiment. They were weighed and their survival rate and ability to maintain the signs of maturity were checked. It was noticed that the medium of pure cellulose secured the survival rate of all the observed specimens of Eisenia fetida. The average sum of biomass of the observed populations fluctuated but at the end of the research it was the same as at the beginning as far as the containers with pure cellulose are concerned. The addition of sugar increased the average sum of biomass. The earthworms did not reproduce (laid single cocoons) but a positive effect of sugar addition on their capability to reproduce was noticed. None of the earthworms fed with sugar lost its signs of maturity while in the containers with no sugar added 20% of the specimens were found immature at the end of the research.
The aim of investigation was to estimate the agricultural usefulness of sewage sludge following its vermicomposting with different organic additions (straw, waste paper, sawdust, leaves). The vermicomposting indicators were determined every month from June to November of 2001. The state of earth- warms population, i. e., the percentage of cocoons, very young individuals, older individuals lacking clitellum and adults with clitellum was determined. After 3 and 5 months of vermicomposting, the granulometric composition of composted material was assessed. The observations indicated that vermicomposting improved the granular structure of composts as compared to conventional composting. The type of addition did not markedly influence the granular structure of processed material. In contrast, increased amounts of additions decreased the mass of largest fraction (> 10.0 mm). During composting, the numerical composition of the earth-warms’ population increased due to development of young individuals and those lacking clitellum, as well as the cocoons.
The research methodology recommended by the OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) and ISO (International Organization for Standardization) guidelines for testing of chemicals meets the most criteria expected for ecotoxicological testing except the testing condition and the organic matter. The guidelines were initially developed by temperate countries, with testing conditions as 20 °C and the organic matter as sphagnum peat which is commonly available in those countries. But these two criterions are difficult to be followed in tropical countries. Thus there arises a need of modifying these criterions for toxicity studied in tropical regions. In this study a trial was made for substituting the fermented coir pith for sphagnum peat and the validation of the modified tropical artificial soil (TAS) was done by conducting chronic toxicity studies on Eisenia fetida against an inorganic fertilizer, superphosphate (SP) under tropical condition, i.e., 28 ±2 °C. The performed study showed that the SP determined lower earthworm mortality in TAS comparing to OECD soil for all tested concentration levels. The number of juveniles produced in OECD soil was also significantly reduced (p < 0.05) than in TAS. This may be due to the production of large amount of hydrogen ions when the temperature increases and making the medium acidic. The fermented coir pith was more suitable for ecotoxicity studies under tropical condition than sphagnum peat.
W pracy wykazano uszlachetniający wpływ dżdżownic Eisenia fetida (Sav.) na osady ściekowe. Zestawiono zawartości substancji pokarmowych roślin w wermikompostach otrzymanych z osadów ściekowych na skalę techniczną (Brzesko, Zambrów i Kluczbork) oraz otrzymanych w laboratorium (Wieluń, Krynica Morska i Stegna). W wermikompostach otrzymanych na skalę techniczną określo­no także skład niektórych metali ciężkich.
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Wermikultura w Polsce w swietle prowadzonych badan

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Paper presents the current state of investigation on vermiculture and its application in Poland. Author is also presenting perspectives for the development of that biotechnology and further necessity for its wide popularization among the practicians, farmers, teachers, students and also pupils at schools.
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