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Coccidiosis of chickens, caused by species of Eimeria (Protozoa, Apicomplexa), is an intestinal disease of major economic importance worldwide. In the present study, the reproductive characteristics of a precocious line (designated E. tenella Rt3+15) from Australia were investigated in chicken embryos and the implications of the findings briefly discussed.
Evaluation of coccidia resistance to Amprol plus, Lasalocid and monensin was carried out on two weeks old chickens infested experimentally with 100 000 oocysts per bird. Coccidiostatics for prophylactic purposes (Amprol plus — 133 ppm, Lasalocid — 75 ppm, monensin — 100 ppm) were given in feed 48 hours before infestation and then for 8 days after infestation. Sensitivity of 30 strains of E. tenella was assessed on the basis of anti-coccidiostatic index, i.e. total percentage of alive chickens and per cent of weight gains minus pathological gross index and oocyst index. The heighest mean values of anti-coccidiostatic index was reached following the Lasalocid administration (x =189.2) and the lowest one after the monensin application (x = 127.3). The studies revealed that 11 strains of coccidia were of a lowered sensitivity to Amprol plus, 10 to Lasalocid and 15 to monensin. Besides, it was found that 8 strains of E. tenella had a lowered sensitivity to the three coccidiostatics applied.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of coccidiosis and to identify different species of coccidia that caused coccidiosis in flocks of hens in Poland between 2010 and 2013. The material consisted of digestive tracts of broiler chickens and laying hens from all over Poland. The identification of coccidian species was performed by classical methods (location of pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract and the presence of oocysts in scrapings) and through the isolation and amplification of DNA (PCR). Out of the 139 examined samples from flocks suspected of coccidian infection, the presence of Eimeria spp. was confirmed by anatomopathological investigation, microscopic examination, and PCR in 25 cases, representing 18% of the samples. The most frequently diagnosed species were as follows: E. tenella (64%), E. acervulina (32%), E. maxima (8%), and E. necatrix (4%). Most cases were caused by a single species of coccidia (92%), and in 8% of cases two species of coccidia were found.
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