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Problem of biofilm formation have a great significance for environmental microbiological research. Biospheric microorganisms can form biofilm, that provide bacteria resistance to influence of different environmental factors. Some of the most common bacteria in biosphere are bacilli, among them there are film-forming strains. Bacillus spp. is a well-known film forming microorganisms that colonize environmental objects. The biofilm fouling of underwater elements of small wooden constructions located on the Dnieper River near the city of the Dnipro (Ukraine) was studied. It was found that biofilms from surfaces of water constructions include bacilli. It is established that the mean values of CFU in samples from running and still water were (1.81±0.52)×10⁸ and (1.83±0.53)×10⁸ CFU / ml respectively per area of wooden sample approximately 1 cm², while during the laboratory cultivation of the film, formed by these cultures on the plate, the number of cells was (4.90±0.93)×10⁷ and (4.60±1.07)×10⁷ CFU / ml per 1 cm² of the well’s bottom, which was an approximate limit of the content of cells of the Bacillus spp. film per unit of area.
The effect of polluting the environment with the emissions of the Prydniprovska Thermal Power Plant emissions, Dnipropetrovsk city, on morphometric and cytogenetic indicators of floral system of Tilia genus representatives was examined. The research was conducted in June and July in 2015. The studied objects in conditions of technogenesis show reduction of the bloom intensity rate and an increase of pollen grain sterility, which is the most significant in T. сordata. Sensitive indicators of Tilia generative sphere were suggested as informative test parameters for the use in monitoring the environment state. The recommendations are offered on the use of species of the Tilia genus in gardening industrial sites in terms of the steppe Prydniprovya.
The effect of the new growth stimulator with the cytokinin nature Ivin was investigated at the parameters of growth, blooming and chlorophyll concentration of the leaves of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness. plants. The researched plants grow under the impact of industrial and exhaust fumes. The intensification of the growth processes of the treatment plants in comparison with untreated was established. The processed specimens enhance height, the number of side shoots, quantity of the leaves and their area as well as the area of the total assimilation plants surface with increasing of the vegetative mass of the plants accordingly. At the same time, the number of inflorescences and their average diameter increase. There was no significant difference in essential influence of the biostimulant upon the plants of Callistephus chinensis between breeds “Viktoria Sharlachovaya” and “Strausovo pero Rubinovaya” with the exception of some variables (total assimilation surface). The concentration of chlorophyll in leaves of Callistephus chinensis plants increases under spraying by Ivin. The rising occurs originally after spraying seedlings due to chlorophyll, after the third treatment (flower-bud formation) – due to both forms of chlorophylls was established, as well as the breed specific reaction of plants was determined. The novelty of this work consists in the investigation of the influencing the growth stimulator on the development of the ornamental flower plants in the conditions of environmental pollution. The treatment of this preparation is appropriate for stimulation of growth and intensity of bloom of the ornamental flower plants of urban territories.
The paper examines the influence of industrial emissions of sulphur (IV) and nitrogen (IV) oxides on the percentage of stem anatomical characteristics of the autochthonous woody plant species undergrowth of Acer platanoides L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. in the southern industrial zone of the city of Dnipro (Ukraine). It is ascertained, that the ratio of the primary cortex share to the central cylinder share does not change in the stems of annual shoots of the both studied woody plant species when they are exposed to the influence of the toxic gases. However, there are significant changes in the ratio of shares of histological elements in the undergrowth stems of F. excelsior. The use of both absolute and relevant values of anatomic parameters of the plant vegetative organs is needed to analyse the woody plants resistance to technogenic pollution of the environment.
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