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The author presents the results of the morphologkal studies on the lens of fish infected experimentally and in a natural way (in the river Vistula near Warsaw) with the metacercariae of both flukes. Basing on this and on the literature data a detailed picture of the pathological changes in the eye lens of infected fish has been constructed, the three development stages being accepted as described by other authors. The mechanisms of the influence of the metacercariae on the eye lens are presented. A particular attention has been paid to the significance of the ontogenetic development and the structure of the eye lens, not considered before, and especially to the fissure in the lens (Fig.). The latter, as a result of the metacercariae feeding on the lens material and distend it mechanically as they grow, is transformed into a chamber filled with a loosened lens material and the parasites. This leads to a deglutination of the lens capsule (sometimes on its entire perimeter) from the internal material. A symptom characteristic of the diplostomiasis in Missgurnus fossilis, observed by the author, consisted in fine folding of the capsule. Other symptoms were: besides the damage of the lens surface, changes in its size, deformations, loosening and sometimes breaking, always on the side of the enlarged fissure. Besides, the author confirms the results of observations of other authors and expresses an opinion that the picture of the pathological changes and the degree of vision impairment is influenced by such factors as the density and distribution (signly or in aggregations) of the metacercariae in the lens, and the place of their penetration and the host species.
The variability and diagnostic usefulness of morphological features of metacercariae of two Diplostomum species, D. spathaceum and D. mergi, were studied on 104 and 85 specimens, respectively. Metacercariae were experimentally raised from cercariae in carp fry, Cyprinus carpio. Fourteen morphometric features and eight indices have been analysed. While no single variable could provide a classification with a reasonably small percentage of error, D. spathaceum and D. mergi have been separated with a misclassification rate less than 1% by applying a logistic regression model based on six significant variables (five metrical features and one index).
Four species, one subspecies and one parasite marked to the genus were collected from the nine-spined stickleback Pungitius pungitius L. from the Gulf of Gdańsk and the mouth of Dead Vistula. Nine - spined stickleback was noted as a new host in Polish coastal water for five parasites: Glugea anomala (Microsporidia), Diplostomum spathaceum (Digenea – metacercariae) and Apatemon sp. (Digenea - incysted metacercariae), Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda - third stage larvae) and Thersitina gasterostci (Copepoda). Earlier in this area have been obserwed only ciliates Tnchodina domerguei.
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