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The occurrence of Demodex kutzeri Bukva, 1987 was examined and compared in red deer coming from different populations – 25 red deer from northern Poland (Masurian Lake District) and 25 from southern Poland (Lower Silesia). The total prevalence of infestation in red deer by D. kutzeri was 52% with the mean intensity of 38 individuals and the intensity range of 1–135. Parameters of infestation for red deer from northern Poland were much higher (68%, 49), while for other red deer – lower (36%, 16). Demodectic mites D. kutzeri are associated with common hair follicles, therefore they can be found in different parts of the body, however most of the specimens were found in the head skin. Regardless of the location and the infestation rate (including density of mites in the skin), infestations were not accompanied by symptoms of demodecosis.
Within 1994-2000, sections of skin collected from eleven areas on the body of 650 wild boars and 85 pigs living in the northern Poland and in the Great Poland were examined. The D. phylloides infestation in the wild boar was observed to be very heavy (prevalence 32%, mean intensity 74 ind:). In contrast, the domestic pig turned out to be free of the parasite. The wild boar D. phylloides infestations are symptomless. The parasite is relatively rare in the domestic pig, although the high animal density typical of farm stocks should aid in its spreading. Compared to that in the wild boar, the pigs affected show associated skin symptoms. Where demodicosis did occur, most often the entire population was suffering of the condition. Most probably, the wild boar is the original host of D. phylloides. The hair follicle mile in question is very frequent in the wild boar, but produces symptomless infestations. The parasite occurs more seldom in the domestic pig, but - in contrast - the infestations are much more violent.
Two species of demodectic mites were described in the red deer Cervus elaphus, including Demodex kutzeri, which had also been found in other species of the Cervidae family in Austria, Germany, Czech Republic, Poland and North America. Whereas the other species, D. acutipes, had been previously known from only one finding in the Czech Republic. The present research included skin samples taken in winter 2012 from thirty red deer in northern Poland. Demodex acutipes (prevalence 20%, mean intensity 4.5), D. kutzeri (53.3%, 69.8) and fifteen Demodex sp. specimens (6.7%, 7.5), were found. D. acutipes is a new species for the fauna of Poland.
An examination of 16 bank voles from Poland (Pomerania) revealed the presence of two species of the family Demodecidae (Acari, Prostigmata), specific to the host. Demodex buccalis Bukva, Vitovec et Vlcek, 1985 was noted only in one bank vole, where 18 specimens were found: the prevalence of infestation being 6.3%. D. glareoli Hirst, 1919 was observed in 75% of the examined bank voles, in which were on average 5.1 specimens. Additionally, mites of the both species exhibited topical specificity – representatives of D. buccalis were found in the tissues of the tongue and oral cavity of the host, while D. glareoli, being a species associated with hair follicles, was noted in skin specimens from different body areas, particularly the head area. Infestations with demodecids were not accompanied by disease symptoms. D. buccalis and D. glareoli are a new species for the fauna of Poland.
The occurrence of skin mites from the family Demodecidae was investigated in dogs in Poland, from the Gdańsk region. Samples of healthy skin from 39 dogs and samples of diseased skin from two dogs were examined. Three species of hair follicle mite were found, among them Demodex cornei and D. injai for the first time in Poland. D. canis and D. cornei were present on dog skin asymptomatically and usually synhospitalically - the former species on 42% and the latter on 7% of the skin samples. D. injai was found exclusively in correlation with the occurrence of symptoms of demodecosis in two mongrel dogs. The three species of hair follicle mite specific to dogs not only differed morphologically but were also found on different areas of the hosts' skin. The differentiation in structure, biology, and microhabitats of these mites may be associated with the occurrence of forms of demodecosis with different symptoms and courses in dogs.
Demodex ratticola was recorded in the brown rat Rattus norvegicus from northern Poland. It is a skin mite specific to this host, previously recorded only in the Czech Republic. D. ratticola was found at a prevalence 65.0% and mean intensity 12.7 in skin samples taken from the regions of lips, nose and chin. Furthermore, three other species from the family of Demodecidae were recorded, including Demodex nanus found in skin samples from different parts of the body and characterised by the highest parameters of infestation (100.0%, 25.2), D. ratti (50.0%, 3.3) found in the head skin and D. norvegicus (30.0%, 3.5) found in the genital and anal regions. The identified demodectic mites did not cause any pathological symptoms in rats.
Two species (Demodex arvicolae and D. flagellurus) were collected in Mus musculus the first time in Poland. Also Myobia musculi was noted.
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