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The paper reports on the occurrence of five Thermocyclops species in urban subterranean habitats in North Queensland, Australia: T. crucis sp. nov., T. pseudoperculifer sp. nov., T. rylovi (Smirnov), T. crassus (Fischer), and T. decipiens (Kiefer). Females and males of T. operculifer (Kiefer), a supposedly close relative of the Australian taxon T. pseudoperculifer, is redescribed based on the holotype (Lombok) and non-type material (Sulawesi) from Indonesia. Thermocyclops crucis sp. nov. and T. pseudoperculifer sp. nov. (tropical coast of Queensland) share the caudally spinulose ornamentation of P2-P4 couplers and bare PI coupler with T. operculifer (Indonesia: Lombok, Sulawesi) and T. uenoi (Japan: Kyushu, Tomogashima Island). Diagnostic values of the morphological characters used to define the 'schmeili-growp' sensu Mirabdullayev and Fiers, to which both new Australian taxa might be allocated, are discussed. Finding of T. rylovi known so far from East Africa, Central and South Asia, in a semiarid inland locality in Queensland, is the first record of the species in Australia. Descriptions and illustrations of the diagnostic characters of T. crassus and T. decipiens are provided, and the morphology of the Australian specimens is compared with that in the European and Southeast Asian representatives. An identification key to all Thermocyclops species occurring in Australia is added.
Thermocyclops kawamurai Kikuchi, 1940, a poorly-known cyclopoid from northern China is redescribed. Data on variability are given. Proposed synonymy of T. kawamurai Kikuchi, 1940 and Thermocyclops orientalis Dussart et Fernando, 1985 (Defaye et al. 1988) is rejected.
Re-examination of the type-material of Mesocyclops iranicus Lindberg, 1936 revealed that this species has to be considered as a junior synonym of the widely distributed M. aspericornis (Daday, 1906). Some observations on the micromorphology are presented, and a list of the type-materials of the species described from Iran by Lindberg in 1936 and which he deposited in the collections of the Recent Invertebrate Section is given.
An organ located between bases of second antennae of an adult female of Achtheres percarum was found. Its fine structure based on SEM observations is described. It consist of four semirectangular pads covered with densely packed villiform papillae. It was concluded that the newly found organ serves for producing frontal filament, a larval attachment structure, as well as bulla, an attachment organ of adult females. Other described structures include: flap-shaped processes of the labrum, cephalic sensory papillae and vestigial thoracic legs.
A new freshwater cyclopid, Mesocyclops yenae sp. nov. is described from Central Vietnam. Descriptions of the male, and copepodid stages IV and V are given as well the adult female. Mesocyclops yenae is unique within the genus in having an incompletely sclerotized “pseudosomite” between the pediger 5 and genital double-somite. In the same position, a wholering “pseudosomite” is known in some interstitial copepods only. The conspicously short terminal accessory caudal setae in M. yenae and other similarities in several morphological characters indicate a very close relationship with the Bornean M. brevisetosus Dussart et Sarnita, 1987.
Both sexes of a new species of Cletodidae belonging to the Acrenhydrosomalineage are described from material collected at Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) and attributed to the genus Paracrenhydrosoma Gee, 1999. Paracrenhydrosoma oceaniae sp. nov. is easily distinguished from its congeners by the reduced setal formula of the natatorial legs, lacking the inner subdistal seta on segment 3 of legs 3 and 4. Several other characteristics viz. antennular and antennal armature, and the free leg 5 exopodite in both sexes, are indications of its basal position in the genus.
Using new material and museum collections, a taxonomic and zoogeographical overview of the Australasian Mesocyclops is provided. The detailed morphological descriptions are supplemented with critical reassessment of the published records, a key to the Australasian and Oriental representatives of the genus (30 spp.) and distribution maps of the Australasian species and their extralimital relatives. The paper reports on the occurrence of sixteen species, 11 of them endemic, in Australasia: M. dayakorum sp. nov., M. darwini Dussart et Fernando 1988, M. pseudoannae Van de Velde, 1987, M. cf. yenae, M. yesoensis Ishida 1999, M. papuensis Van de Velde, 1987, M. aspericomis (Daday, 1906), M. ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957, M. affinis Van de Velde, 1987, M. tobae Kiefer, 1933, M. francisci sp. nov., M. woutersi Van de Velde, 1987, M. friendorum sp. nov., M microlasius Kiefer, 1981, M. geminus sp. nov., M. thermocyelopoides Harada, 1931. New synonymy: M. papuensis (M. borneoensis Dussart et Fernando, 1988). Closely related species pairs/groups seem to indicate some repeating pattern of relationships: 1. Palaeotropical; 2. Oriental; 3. Australasia/Africa disjunction; 4. Speciation within Australasia.
Infection levels of six fish species-representing the family Nothoteniidae-with external parasite Eubrachiella antarctica (Quidor, 1906) (Copepoda) were studied in the season of 1978/79. The prevalence and the intensity of infection of individual fish species on different fishing grounds of the Atlantic sector of Antarctic were determined. In addition the density analysis of the parasite occurrence on different parts of fish body was carried out as well as the relationship between the infection parameters and the body length of the studied fish species.
Caligus serratus Shiino, 1965 (Copepoda: Caligidae), a parasite on 11 fish species caught in Chamela Bay off the Pacific Coast of Mexico, is redescribed based on material found on Pacific agujon needlefish Tylosurus pacificus (Steindachner, 1876). Caligus serratus can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: i) short abdomen (approximately 0.2 times as long as cephalothorax), ii) pointed posteromedial process on the first segment of the antenna, iii) sternal furca with bluntly pointed, diverging tines, and iv) leg 4 exopod bearing 3 unequal, distal spines (the shortest 0.2 times the length of the longest). Microphotographs of female and illustrations of both female and male are provided. The redescription of this species might be useful given its low host specificity.
Caligus uranoscopi Vaissière, 1955 (Copepoda, Caligidae) is redescribed based on specimens collected from the gill arches of red mullet, Mullus barbatus barbatus L., 1758, caught off the Algerian coast. Caligus uranoscopi is reported for the first time from the east coast of Algeria and M. barbatus barbatus is a newly recorded host for this parasite. The parasite is uncommon and may be restricted to Algerian coasts. Some remarks are given on the species of Caligidae known from Algeria.
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