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Centipede (Chilopoda) communities in Mazovian forests and urban greens of Warsaw differ considerably in composition but contain mainly indigenous species. Urban greens accommodate fewer centipede species, the number decreasing as anthropopression becomes more intense. In both types of habitats, the communities are characterised by a similar model of structure, best preserved in the edaphic component, with one dominant accounting for over 60% of a community. The epigeic components of the communities have less stable compositions and structures, as expressed by changes in potential and actual species diversity.
Misinterpreted artefacts and morphological variations are two possible sources of taxonomic synonymies. We have recognized these two in the case of the geophilomorph Schendyla furcidens Kaczmarek, 1962, described from Poland and subsequently reported from Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The species was described based on some differences in the structure of the labrum, maxilla, mandible and last legs as compared to Scherulyla nemarensis (C. L. Koch, 1837). While studying Hungarian and Polish Schendyla specimens we found that the furcate shape of the labral teeth, putatively diagnostic for S. furcidens, was an artefact visible under light microscope caused by the forward-turned position of the labrum. Similarly, differential characters in mandibles and maxillae were found to be artefacts emerging during slide preparation, while characters of the legs can be considered as intraspecific variability. Thus, we can conclude that S. furcidens is a junior subjected synonym of S. nemorensis (syn. nov.). Line drawings and SEM micrographs are given to illustrate all the main taxonomic characters and their alterations.
In the Natura 2000 Habitats Directive site „Huy nördlich Halberstadt" in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, 11 sites with typical regional plant associations (2 rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi, 2 semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates, 3 Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests, 1 Medio-European limestone beech forest of the Cephalanthero-Fagion and 3 Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests) were sampled for millipedes and centipedes using pitfall traps over a period of one and a half years. In addition 11 further sites and different microhabitats were investigated using hand sampling, soil cores and sieving. With a total of 30 diplopod and 17 chilopod species, the Huy can be classified as markedly species rich. The community structures and species compositions were of special importance and characteristic for all sites. Ecologically notable species were Ophiodesmus albonanus (Latzel, 1895), Megaphyllum unilineatum (C.L. Koch 1838), Brachyiulus pusillus (Leach, 1814), Mycogona germanica (Verhoeff, 1892), Polyxenus lagurus Linne, 1758, Geophilus electricus (Linné, 1758), Lithobius nodulipes Latzel, 1880 and Lithobiuspelidnus Haase, 1880.
Sylwan
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2017
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tom 161
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nr 03
An analysis of the occurrence of saprophagous Diplopoda and zoophagous Chilopoda 6−7 years after the hurricane of 2002 was performed on 12 research plots established for this purpose in Pisz Forest District (northern Poland) in Scots pine stands with a different scale of disturbance. Three plots were selected per each stand disturbance variant: A – severe disturbance (approx. 10% of survived trees), B – moderate disturbance (approx. 30−40% of survived trees) and F – no disturbance. In addition, we used three plots in Scots pine plantations (U) established after a complete removal of disturbed stands and soil preparation. The faunistic material was collected in 2008 and 2009 using Barber traps. Compared with the research carried out in 2004 and 2005, the occurrence of new Diplopoda species increased by 7, and their highest diversity was observed in 2009 in A variant. New millipede (Diplopoda) species were found in the post−hurricane windthrow areas, whose number, in response to the changed environmental conditions (open space with high insolation, large amount of accumulated organic matter) increased. We used the GLM, NMDS and PCA to confirm the hypothesis that myriapod assemblages can be arranged along a clear disturbance gradient: from the most disturbed pine plantations and stands to the least affected stands. The regeneration of forest ecosystems, assessed on the basis of observations of the assemblages of carabid beetles by other authors, comprises a multi−step response to the disturbance. In the case of Diplopoda and Chilopoda, such a response observed after 2009 suggests the beginning of the restoration of myriapod assemblages inhabiting the ecosystems.
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