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The main aim of the study was to identify and evaluate the progress of implementation of selected assumptions on sustainability of agriculture in countries of Central-Eastern Europe in relation to environmental protection. Data from the input-output balance sheets and the European Environmental Accounts were used to realize the aim of the study. The analysis considered material flows to and from agriculture, pollution, and the production and consumption of biomass. The share of the participation of agribusiness sphere I, including mainly services, as well as the fuel, energy and chemical industries, has been increasing in the material inflows to agriculture in the countries of Central- Eastern Europe. This indicates production modernization, associated with a higher load on the environment. The highest emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants into the environment per 1,000 euro GDP were recorded in Lithuania, Romania and Latvia. The Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia have the lowest values of emissions. In Latvia, there was no overall reduction in pollution emitted by agriculture in 2008–2012. Emission of these pollutants per 1,000 euro GDP and 1 ha UAA (utilized agricultural area) of agricultural land decreased in most countries in the analysis. In EU countries of Central-Eastern Europe, a reduction in direct material input and domestic consumption of biomass from agriculture per one euro of GDP is reported. These changes indicate a decrease in the intensity of use of natural resources (dematerialising economy), which is consistent with the objectives of sustainable development. In countries where agriculture is better developed, the implementation of pro-environmental goals of sustainable development takes place to a greater extent than in countries with lower levels of socio-economic development.
The business experts could witness major changes in the targets of intemational Capital flow during the last two decades. The Central-Eastem European economic and social transition that was started in the early I990s has created good conditions for the intemational investments. The new target of foreign direct investments - besides the Asian regions - depended on the changes of political and economic system going on in the countries concerned. The different pace of changes and the privatization of state properties determined the share of individual countries from the capital import. The early eminent countries were replaced by new eminent ones, and the capital inflow replaced brown field investments - that dominated at the beginning - with green field investments. The paper examines the worldwide and regional tendencies of foreign direct investments of the I990’s and the 2000’s, the share of individual countries within the region as well as the changes in the sectoral distribution. Relations are searched for the changes of position of Hungary, as well as among the economic-social processes in the country.
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