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Determinants of agricultural commodity market supply: a case study in the upper watershed of the Blue Nile, Northwestern Ethiopia

100%
Tesfaw A.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
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2013
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nr 04[30]
This study was initiated to achieve the specific objectives as identification of factors that affect market participation decision of households and identification of factors that determine the volume of market supply of pepper. In order to acquire the relevant data, formal and informal methods of data collection were accomplished. To differentiate factors affecting the market participation and the amount of pepper sold, the Heckman Two-Stage econometric model was employed. The result revealed that market participation decision of households and amount of pepper sold were significantly affected by many of the variables hypothesized to have impact on the explained variable. In order to settle price fluctuations and to strengthen the bargaining power of producers, there should be product grading for market standardization. Furthermore, market competitiveness, structure and efficiency can be improved through facilitating pepper market strategies training as it helps producers and other interested bodies better involve in the commodity market.
2

SWAT based runoff and sediment yield modelling: a case study of the Gumera watershed in the Blue Nile basin

84%
Asres M. T., Awulachew S. B.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2010
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tom 10
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nr 2-4
Land degradation caused by soil erosion (sheet and rill erosion) and soil fertility decline is a serious threat in the Ethiopian highlands, especially in the Gumara watershed. In this study the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was applied to the Gumara watershed to predict sediment yield and runoff, to establish the spatial distribution of sediment yield and to test the potential of watershed management measures to reduce sediment loadings from hotspot areas. The model was calibrated using five years of flow and sediment records and validated using data for the next three years. Out of 30 SWAT sub-basins, 18 sub-watersheds (72%) were identified as erosion prone areas contributing to a mean annual sediment load ranging from 11 to 22 t ha-1 yr-1. The model was used to evaluate the potential of vegetation filter strips of various widths to reduce sediment production from critical micro watersheds. The installation of vegetation filter strips on vulnerable land was shown to result in a 58 to 74% reduction in sediment yield for strip widths of 5 m and 10 m respectively.
3

Ecohydrological status of Lake Tana – a shallow highland lake in the Blue Nile (Abbay) basin in Ethiopia: review

67%
Ligdi E. E., El Kahloun M., Meire P.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2010
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tom 10
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nr 2-4
This paper is based on a country report for Ethiopia prepared as a part of the ecohydrology component of IHP UNESCO’s FRIEND/Nile-phase II Project. It reviews past and current research in the Lake Tana sub-basin around the lake. The objective of the study was to determine the ecohydrological status of the Lake as a tool for integrated water resource management in improving the sustainability of the quantity and quality of freshwater resources in the Nile basin. The preliminary results show that reduced lake water level with its annual fluctuations and seasonal floods associated with high flows are becoming amplified and frequent, and the total average annual sediment load of the four major tributaries shows an increasing trend. Source pollution from urban waste and rural agriculture, and degradation of biota in the catchment are the two main environmental threats for the lake ecosystem. Knowledge gaps were identified and future research needs were recommended along with suggestion of some potential phytotechnologies to be applied in the study area.
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