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Cytogenetic analyses were performed in 39 specimens of Delomys trapped in six localities distributed along the Atlantic forest range of the genus. Only two karyotypic forms were found: 2n = 72, FN = 90 to the north and 2n = 82, FN = 80 to the south, with an overlapping area in São Paulo and Paraná states. No hybrids were found and given the large difference in karyotype it is likely that any hybrids produced would be infertile. Based on the skin coloration and type localities of the species described it is suggested that the 2n = 72 taxon corresponds to Delomys sublineatus and the 2n = 82 form to D. dorsalis.
Knowledge of bat diets may be important for the conservation of small Atlantic Forest fragments because these animals play an important role in seed dispersal and natural recovery of tropical forests. The ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Feliciano Miguel Abdala’ (RPPN-FMA) is a 886-hectare Atlantic forest fragment consisting of a mosaic of distinct successional phases resulting from logging and natural causes, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. We collected 216 fecal samples containing blood, arthropods, pollen-nectar, vegetation (leaflets and fruit peel), fruit pulp (fibers and juice) and seeds, from 18 bat species at the RPPN-FMA. Piperaceae, Solanaceae, Cecropiaceae, and Guttiferae were the most important food resources for frugivorous bats at RPPN-FMA. Piper infrutescences were consumed by Artibeus obscurus, A. fimbriatus, Carollia perspicillata, and Sturnira lilium throughout the year, functioning as key species, as already observed for other tropical rainforest sites.
The common opossum of the Atlantic forest,Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 is predominantly terrestrial, but uses the vertical space of the forest regularly. It is the didelphid that most frequently uses large supports in vertical movements. Here we test the influence of age and seasonality in fruit production on the vertical movements ofD. aurita. Animals were trapped in Serra dos Órgăos, state of Rio de Janeiro, and equipped with a spool-and-line device before release. The paths were tracked, and variables related to support incline, diameter, distances and heights moved above ground were measured and compared between age classes and seasons. There were no significant differences between seasons. Individuals of all ages used the vertical space of the forest but the young opossums did it more intensively along their paths.
We describe a new sigmodontine species on the basis of three specimens obtained from a high-altitude locality in the Atlantic forest of eastern Brazil. This new form, a small-bodied pentalophodont with tail longer than head and body, long soft fur, and a brownish ochraceous dorsum, is diagnosed by the presence of an open slit in the suture between the frontal bones in prepared skulls, and by a reduced diploid number of 20 coupled with a relatively high fundamental number of 34. Although the low diploid number suggests a derived sigmodontine, analyses of morphological characters and DNA sequence data (720 bp of the cytochrome-6 gene) point to its placement within the recently described genus Juliomys González, 2000, a taxon regarded as belonging to an old and independent sigmodontine lineage. This finding reinforces current hypotheses of the Atlantic forest domain as an important center of diversification for a primitive sigmodontine stock. It also suggests that at least some surviving lineages, often considered rather ancient and unspeciose relicts, were subject to relatively more recent speciation events.
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