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Subcutaneous injection of Ascaris lumbricoides suis homogenate in guinea pigs causes a significant increase of "neutral" spleen homogenate proteases, as well as of the activity of the splenic and renal post- nuclear fraction in days 2 or 3. Also, in experimental larval ascariasis in guinea pigs, a rise of proteolytic activity in the post-nuclear spleen fraction is observed 7 to 8 days after infection. The activity of "neutral" lung proteases in animals receiving Ascaris homogenate shows only tendency to increase. The proteolytic activity of liver, kidneys and heart preparations did not reveal significant differences in guinea pigs after Ascaris homogenate administration, nor in experimental larval ascariasis.
W artykule podjęto próbę określenia wpływu nawodnień ściekami bytowo-gospodarczymi na mikrobiologiczne zmiany zanieczyszczenia gleb w rejonie oczyszczalni roślinno-glebowej. Jako wskaźniki zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego przyjęto miano coli typu fekalnego, miano Clostridium perfringens, ilość bakterii saprofitycznych i obecność jaj Ascaris sp. Badania prowadzone były na obiekcie poddanym normalnej eksploatacji i obejmują wszystkie pory roku. Badania wykazały, że czynnikiem decydującym o tym, że gleby na terenie oczyszczalni uznano za zanieczyszczone, jest obecność jaj helmintów. Potwierdzono także doskonałe możliwości gleby jako filtru bakteryjnego chroniącego wody podziemne przed zanieczyszczeniem.
Trypsin inhibitor isolated from Ascaris suum and injected into pregnant BALB/c mice (five times, in doses: 300 or 400 mg/kg/day) in various periods of pregnancy (early and late organogenesis) disturbed the development of fetuses. The nature and intensity of prenatal disturbances are determined by the inhibitor dose and time of injection. It has been found that administration of the inhibitor from 5-th until 9-th day of gestation did not delay or prevent implantation, but caused a high rate of- intrauterine deaths and also specific congenital malformations (exnencephaly and hydrocephalus). Additionally, other types of defects were noted in fetuses after injection of the inhibitor between 8-th and 12-th day of pregnancy (cleft palate, fusion of ribs). Independent of the time of injection during gestation the inhibitor exhibited embriotoxic effects (e.g. decreased the number of live fetuses per litter and mean fetal weight).
Administration intraperitoneally of the Ascaris α-chymotrypsin inhibitor (40-300 mg/kg/day.) at a late stage of organogenesis (8-12 days of gestation) disturbed course of mouse pregnancy. The low doses of α-chymotrypsin inhibitor (40-80 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased the number of live fetuses per litter, increased the number of fetal resorptions. The symptoms of matemal toxicity that occurred after administration of the highest doses of the inhibitor (80-300 mg/kg/day) to pregnant mice included: decreased body weight gain as compared to control, vaginal hemorrhage, intrauterine resorption of litters, abortions, altered behaviour of animals immediately after injection and death. There is a linear interrelationship between the logarithm of the doses of the inhibitor and mortality of pregnant mice. The DL50 value of the inhibitor for female was 116 mg/kg /day (confidence interval: 95.5-140.0 mg/kg/day).
Administration of the Ascaris tegumental homogenate (0.6-1.2 g of Ascaris proteins/kg/day) at a early stage of organogenesis (5-9 days of pregnancy) had a harmful effect upon the developing mouse fetuses. It has been found that injection of the homogenate did not delay or prevent implantation, but causes a high rate of intrauterine deaths. The Ascaris homogenate significantly decreased the number of live fetuses per litter, increased the frequency of litter resorption, produced a delay in bone formation and induced pathological changes of fetal organs and tissues. The congenital malformations were noted in fetuses after injection of higher doses of Ascaris homogenate (exencephaly, craniomeningocele and intemal hydrocephalus). No malformations were noted in control groups and after injection of minimum dose of the homogenate. The symptoms that occurred after administration of the tegumental homogenate to pregnant mice included: decreased body weight gain (p<0.001) as compared to controls, vaginal hemorrhage, intrauterine resorption of litter and mortality. These signs suggest that the Ascaris homogenate causes matemal toxicity.
Trypsin inhibitor, isolated from Ascaris suum tegument reduces in vitro proteolytic activity (pH 7) of lungs and kidneys post-nuclear fractions of guinea pigs with larval ascariosis, pigs after subcutaneous ascarid homogenate administration as well as the activity in control groups. The comparative analysis of effect curves of trypsin inhibitor on the organ proteases revealed stronger reduction of the activity of post-nuclear lung proteases in ascariosis and of kidneys proteases after the injection of Ascaris homogenate than the inhibition of the fractions activity from respective control groups.
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Wplyw czynnikow biotycznych na jaja Ascaris spp.

67%
There are many organisms that influence development and survival of eggs of Ascaris sp. Fungi, Acari, Collembola and bacteria are the most important among them. They participate mainly in autodehelminthisation processes of environment.
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