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Allium olivieri Boiss. (Alliaceae), a new taxon to Turkey, with contributions to its taxonomy

100%

Eker I., Koyuncu M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2011

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tom 80

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nr 4

Allium olivieri Boiss. (Alliaceae) is reported as a new record for Turkish flora. It was identified using the collected specimens and Flora orientalis, Flora of Iraq and Flora Iranica. The detailed description, illustrations, geographical distribution, habitat, status of IUCN extinction risk and some comments and discussions on the taxonomy of the species are given.

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Two new records to the flora of the Arabian Peninsula from Yemen

84%

Al-Hawshabi O. S. S.

Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences

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2014

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tom 04

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nr 2

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Characterization of active compounds of different garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars

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Szychowski K. A., Rybczynska-Tkaczyk K., Gawel-Beben K., Swieca M., Karas M., Jakuczyk A., Matysiak M., Binduga U. E., Gminski J.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2018

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tom 68

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nr 1

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has a reputation as a therapeutic agent for many different diseases such as microbial infections, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Health benefi ts of garlic depend on its content of biologically-active compounds, which differs between cultivars and geographical regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the biological activity of aqueous extracts from nine garlic varieties from different countries (Poland, Spain, China, Portugal, Burma, Thailand and Uzbekistan). Antioxidant properties were evaluated through free radical scavenging (DPPH•, ABTS•+) and ion chelation (Fe2+, Cu2+) activities. The cytotoxicity of garlic extracts was evaluated in vitro using Neutral Red Uptake assay in normal human skin fi broblasts. The obtained results revealed that garlic extracts contained the highest amount of syringic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids derivatives. The lowest IC50 values for DPPH•, ABTS•+ scavenging and Cu2+ chelating ability were determined in Chinese garlic extracts (4.63, 0.43 and 14.90 μg/mL, respectively). Extracts from Spanish cultivar Morado and Chinese garlic were highly cytotoxic to human skin fi broblasts as they reduced cellular proliferation by 70–90%. We showed diverse contents of proteins and phenolic components in garlic bulbs from different varieties. The obtained results could help to choose the cultivars of garlic which contain signifi cant amounts of active compounds, have important antioxidant properties and display low antiproliferative effect and/or low cytotoxicity against normal human skin fi broblast BJ.

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Pollen morphology of selected European species of the genus Allium L. (Alliaceae)

84%

Wronska-Pilarek D., Halbritter H., Krzyminska A., Bednorz L., Bocianowski J.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2016

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tom 15

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nr 4

The pollen morphology of eight species from three subgenera and five sections of the genus Allium L. was studied by LM and SEM (i.e.: A. angulosum, A. carinatum, A. senescens subsp. montanum, A. oleraceum, A. scorodoprasum, A. ursinum, A. victorialis and A. vineale). The material came from natural sites of these species located in Poland, Czech Republic, Austria and Italy. For measurements a sample consisted of 30 pollen grains. In total, 240 pollen grains were analysed. They were analysed in respect to six quantitative features (i.e.: length of long axis – LA, length of short axis – SA, thickness of exine along long axis – Ex, SA/LA and Ex/LA ratios and length of sulcus) and the following qualitative ones: pollen outline and shape, exine ornamentation. Taxonomic value of these pollen features is considerable, especially on the sections level. On the basis of these features, it is impossible to distinguish individual Allium species but only their groups. The examined features were characterized by moderate (LA, SA and SA/LA) or high variability (Ex, Ex/LA). Among studied species the lowest variability was found in A. victorialis and the highest in A. vineale and A. oleraceum.

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Nuclear morphology, polyploidy, and chromatin elimination in tissue culture of Allium fistulosum L.

84%

Joachimiak A., Ilnicki T.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2003

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tom 72

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nr 1

The morphology of cell nuclei in callus obtained from root-tip meristems of Allium fistulosum L. (Monocotyledoneae, Alliaceae) was analysed. The most interesting phenomena observed in long-term callus culture were the different mechanisms of cell polyploidization, enlargement of telomeric segments of heterochromatin, and extensive chromatin elimination, associated with instability of nuclei size and DNA content. Protruding heterochromatin "spikes" were observed on the surface of some di- and polyploid nuclei. The presence of these spikes was connected with the formation of small heterochromatic micronuclei frequently found in the cytoplasm. It is suggested that these micronuclei are produced by direct elimination of heterochromatin from the interphase nuclei. Polyploid cells accumulated with each successive cell collection. The ploidy level attained by highly polyploid cells was 15C-220C. The shape of the nuclei and heterochromatin distribution suggest that polyploid nuclei in A. fistulosum tissue culture are produced by endoreduplication and by restitution cycles.

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Algorithms of embryo morphogenesis in Agapanthus praecox Willd. [Alliaceae] in monocotyly, dicotyly and transitional forms

84%

Titova G. E.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2003

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tom 45

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nr 1

The study found that the monocot Agapanthus praecox from different cultivation localities has a stable tendency to develop dicotyledonous together with monocotyledonous and transitional forms, with various degrees of cotyledonary fusion. The morphogenetic events during embryogenesis leading to this diversity are presented and analyzed.

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Seed morphology and testa sculptures of some Allium L. species (Alliaceae)

67%

Bednorz L., Krzyminska A., Czarna A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2011

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tom 64

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nr 2

The paper presents the results of the study on seed morphology of eight following Allium species: A. pyrenaicum Costa & Vayr., A. rotundum L., A. sphaerocephalon L., A. vineale L., A. moly L., A. karataviense Regel, A. fistulosum L. and A. nutans L. The study confirmed the substantial diversity in testa characters, especially curvature and relief of anticlinal walls as well as microsculpture of outer periclinal walls. The occurrence of raised anticlinal walls – an unusually rare feature in Allium seeds, previously observed only in a few species, was found in A. karataviense. It was also found that the testa type in A. pyrenaicum did not match the typical character combination, described before for subg. Allium sect. Allium.

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Effects of contrasting habitats on the phenology, seasonal growth, and dry-mass allocation pattern of two bulbous geophytes [Alliaceae] with partly different geographic ranges

67%

Duchoslav M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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tom 57

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nr 1

15-32

Allium oleraceum L. and A. vineale L. are two related bulbous geophytes with an annual storage organ that coexist in a wide range of habitats but show both partly different geographic ranges and habitat preferences in Europe. To explore whether ecological and distributional differences between species can be related to expected variation in some key life-history traits between them, research was undertaken to compare the phenology, seasonal growth, and dry-mass allocation of vegetative and reproductive plants of the species at successional gradient comprising three sites with contrasting environmental conditions (steppe, scrub, forest), where populations of the study species coexist (the Czech Republic). The results showed, in general, partly different timing of phenophases between species and different responses of species to contrasting environmental conditions. A. vineale displayed an annual life cycle similar to that observed in many Mediterranean geophytes, i.e. regularly sprouting above ground before the arrival of winter, its growth was concentrated into early and mid-spring and started to wither after a temperature increase and several short-term drought events in early summer, though its flowering was delayed until late June. A. oleraceum showed high year-on-year variation in the onset of shoot elongation above-ground; its growth was concentrated into mid- and late spring and its flowering was delayed until July. The patterns of phenology observed between the study species thus partly reflect selection under different environmental conditions of their origin. The total duration of the green above-ground period of reproductive plants in both species continued about 1.5–2 months beyond that of the vegetative ones. Over main growth period, mean relative growth rates (RGR) of A. oleraceum and A. vineale ranged from 20 to 22 and from 6 to 28 mg g⁻¹dw day⁻¹, respectively. A. vineale showed significantly higher RGR than A. oleraceum only in steppe conditions while at shaded sites the reverse pattern was found. The RGR of both vegetative and reproductive plants of A. oleraceum did not differ from one site to another. On the other hand, both vegetative and reproductive A. vineale plants showed lower RGR at shaded sites than at steppe one. Shading increased allocation into leaves in both species, caused complete abortion of developing scapes in A. vineale but only reduced reproductive allocation in A. oleraceum. A. oleraceum was able to maintain fitnessrelated traits more stably across the environments studied than A. vineale that fit well into the pattern of habitat differentiation observed between them in Central Europe. Data concerning growth of and allocation into new bulb in both species also support the hypothesis that allocating reserves for the coming year is the first priority in geophytes with an annual storage organ.

Ograniczanie wyników

Allium olivieri Boiss. (Alliaceae), a new taxon to Turkey, with contributions to its taxonomy

Two new records to the flora of the Arabian Peninsula from Yemen

Characterization of active compounds of different garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars

Pollen morphology of selected European species of the genus Allium L. (Alliaceae)

Nuclear morphology, polyploidy, and chromatin elimination in tissue culture of Allium fistulosum L.

Algorithms of embryo morphogenesis in Agapanthus praecox Willd. [Alliaceae] in monocotyly, dicotyly and transitional forms

Seed morphology and testa sculptures of some Allium L. species (Alliaceae)

Effects of contrasting habitats on the phenology, seasonal growth, and dry-mass allocation pattern of two bulbous geophytes [Alliaceae] with partly different geographic ranges