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The survival and growth rate of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus Mitchill, eggs and fry were tested in a recirculation system and in the Drwęca River on mineral substrate. In comparison to standard methods of egg incubation and fry rearing, survival was lower and the growth rate was higher. The survival rate of eggs incubated in the Drwęca River was comparable to natural survival rates noted in Canadian spawning grounds.
The survival and growth rate of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus Mitchill, eggs and fry were tested in recirculation systems on rocky and gravel substrates. The observations were carried out until the beginning of exogenous feeding. In comparison to standard methods of egg incubation and fry rearing, survival was lower and growth rates were higher. At the end of the experiment, the average body length of larvae was higher in both substrate groups and lower in the control group.
This article presents the results of a study of the dietary composition of juvenile Atlantic sturgeon caught in the Drwęca River and in Maltańskie Reservoir. Among the fish caught in the Drwęca, 67% had empty digestive tracts. In terms of numbers, the greatest share of the dietary composition of juvenile sturgeon from the Drwęca River was of Oligochaeta and larval Chironomidae, while the greatest weight contribution was made by larval Trichoptera. Larval Chironomidae, Oligochaeta, and Simuliidae were the most frequent components of sturgeon food. In comparison to the diet of fish from the Drwęca River, that of the fish caught in the Maltańskie Reservoir was more homogeneous as it was comprised exclusively of flies. Larvae of the genus Chironomus dominated numerically, followed by those of Procladius sp., Einfeldia sp., and Polypedilum sp. The analysis of juvenile Atlantic sturgeon food composition indicated that benthic organisms are the most important dietary component. In the natural lowland river the food spectrum of the juvenile Atlantic sturgeon was much wider than that of the fish in the dam reservoir.
Work to restore the Baltic sturgeon was begun in Poland in 2004. The initial material has comprised mainly fertilized Atlantic sturgeon eggs imported annually from Canada. The aim of the current study was to use to perform genetic analyses based on 16 microsatellite loci of Atlantic sturgeon wild spawners used in artificial reproduction and breeding in 2011. These results were compared to those of previous analyses of individual Atlantic sturgeon bred for the restoration of this species in Poland and to individuals from the founder population from the Saint John River. The analysis of polymorphism indicated that the genetic variation of the 2011 fry was similar to that observed in previous years. It was confirmed that groups of 2011 fry, designated as 1 and 2, originated from two different females. The group 1 fry were the progeny of one female and three males, while those in group 2 were the progeny of one female and two males. The reproductive success of the males was not equal, and in both instances the same male dominated. Some of the individuals used in breeding were related, which can produce negative inbreeding impacts in the progeny of these pairs. In the interests of building a future broodstock from the year class analyzed in this study, it would be optimal to identify individuals that originate from each pairing in equal numbers.
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the growth and survival of larval Atlantic sturgeon fed microworms (Panagrellus sp.) and brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia sp.). The experiment was conducted at the Department of Sturgeon Breeding in Pieczarki of the Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn. The experimental material comprised larval Atlantic sturgeon 22 days post hatch that were already feeding. The fish were stocked into nine tanks with a volume of 40 l each that were included in a recirculation system. The fish were divided into three experimental groups: group A was fed brine shrimp nauplii; group A+N was fed brine shrimp nauplii and microworms; group N was fed microworms. The fish from the group fed only brine shrimp nauplii attained the greatest body growth (0.068 g) and the highest survival (43.3%). Fish from group A+N, which received mixed feed, attained similar results for both growth and survival to that in group A (0.061 g and 33%). Differences between these two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The weakest results were obtained for the group fed only microworms. The fish from this group had a final body weight of 0.045 g and survival of 1.7%. The differences in these parameters among the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The current experiment permits concluding that, at the moment, feeding microworms exclusively does not produce the anticipated results. Brine shrimp nauplii was a substantially better feed choice for larval Atlantic sturgeon. However, in both instances, further experiments must be performed before the precise daily ration or the manner in which the ration is divided over the day is determined. This information could improve the results of rearing substantially.
The population of the Atlantic Baltic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus, occurring in the Baltic Sea was recognized as extirpated in the mid twentieth century. Since 2004, work has been underway in Poland to restore the Baltic sturgeon species. The material used in this project comprises fertilized eggs and hatch obtained from Atlantic sturgeon spawners from the St. John River and imported from Canada. The aim of the ichthyological work being done as part of this project is to rear stocking material and create a broodstock under aquaculture conditions. In the 2006-2013 period, approximately 766,300 fry individuals with mean weights ranging from of 5-9 to 1500 -2500 g were released into Polish rivers. The goal of these pilot stocking programs was to study migration routes and the behavior of the fry in the rivers. The oldest individuals in select stocks are beginning to mature. Stocking has been expanded in recent years to include Neman and Pregola river tributaries. A further consequence of stocking and expanding areas that are stocked to include all of the historic sturgeon rivers in the Baltic Sea basin, in the opinion of the authors, should lead to the restoration of the Baltic sturgeon population.
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