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The age and length distribution of the blue bream spawning population of Międzyodrze-the wetland area in the lower part of the river Odra-was examined in the years 1992-1996. The length and age of sexual maturity was determined, the relative gonads size of mature fish in autumn and spring seasons as well as relationship between fecundity and weight or length of females was assessed.
The paper presents results of study on 24 metric characters and 19 meristic ones, performed on 50 specimens of the blue bream collected in Lake Dąbie. With the aid of Cochran and Cox test the results obtained were compared with the data concerning the population from the river Dnepr.
Background. The zope (blue bream), Abramis ballerus (L., 1758), is a cyprinid fish without economic importance, and its morphology has been poorly known. The monophyly of the genus Abramis is still unclear; therefore any new contribution to the knowledge on the morphology of zope could shed a new light on the phylogeny of this group of fishes. The aim of the present study was to learn and describe meristic- and morphometric futures of zope and to compare the results with published data. Materials and Methods. A total of 40 specimens of the zope, Abramis ballerus, were caught in the middle stretch of the Odra River, near the city of Głogów, western Poland, in October 2002. For each fish, 21 biometric features were measured and selected meristic features (external and internal) were determined. Cephalic sensory canals were studied and their pores were counted. Results. The coefficient of variation for the body proportions of zope from the middle stretch of the Odra River ranged from 3.89% to 19.13% and its principal features were as follows: D III 8–10; A III 34–43; P I 14–18; V II 7–9; l.l. 62–75. It had one row of pharyngeal teeth, most frequently, in 5–5 pattern. The total number of vertebrae ranged from 46 to 48, (mean 47.38). The preoperculo-mandibular canal (CPM) and infraorbital canal (CIO) had the highest number of pores. Conclusion. The presently reported study shows that the sample analysed did not differ significantly from the population of the Dniepr River, although it differed significantly (in body proportions) from those of Lake Dąbie. The majority of values of meristic features did not differ significantly from those found in literature. However, there is still too little comparative material regarding internal meristic features and especially its osteology.
Parasite fauna of the ciliates inhabiting the gills of the blue bream from Dąbie Lake connected with the Odra River estuary, consisted of 5 species, namely: Chilodonella hexasticha, Ch. piscicola, Capriniana piscium, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina kupermani. These parasites were recorded for the first time on the blue bream in Poland. T. kupermani is a new species for the Polish fauna, while the blue bream is a new host for C. piscium. The seasonal dynamics of the infection of the fishes with T. kupermani was studied and the detailed measurements of this species are provided.
The present paper demonstrates results of examinations on seasonal course of gonads ripening, localisation of spawning places, spawning process, sex ratio in the spawning stock eggs diameter, as well as investigation on fecundity of blue bream. The spawning places being found out were situated in shallow, sheltered waters of canals of “Międzyodrze”.
Studied specimens of the blue bream, Abramis ballerus (L.) originated from Dąbie Lake-a component of the Odra River estuary (northwestern Poland). The gills of the host fish yielded a number of adult specimens and different developmental stages of Trichodina kupermani Arthur et Lom, 1984. Among the developmental stages there were post-cleavage and post-conjugation individuals. There were distinct morphological differences observed between these two developmental forms. They both differed also form the adult specimens.
From May 1993 to April 1995 a comparative study on the seasonal dynamics of Phyllodistomum folium (von Olfers, 1816) infection was carried out on 633 blue bream, Abramis ballerus (L.) and 266 ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus (L.) from the Oder River (Germany/Poland). In blue bream, the monthly prevalences and mean intensities of infection varied irregularly throughout the year: prevalence values attained up to 50% and mean intensities reached 7.6 (range: 1-34) trematodes per infected fish. Conversely, in ruffe a temperature dependent occurrence of P. folium was observed: both the prevalence and mean intensity of infection were significantly higher at a water temperature beneath 10°C than above, with a highest monthly prevalence of 60.8% and a mean intensity of 2.9 (range: 1-7) P. folium. Juvenile and gravid trematodes were found in blue bream and ruffe at all seasons. Based on this study, it is concluded that (a) infection of fish is possible throughout the year, and that (b) modifications in course of infection are determined by the host species rather than on water temperature.
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