The plant material was collected on 34 individuals growing in the Dendrological Garden of Poznań University of Life Sciences (52°25'32,95" N 16°53'39,83" E) and Botanical Garden of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (52°25'11,70" N 16°52'55,07" E). The species for this study originated from Europe, Asia Minor, central and eastern Asia and North America and included: Abies alba, Abies cephalonica, Abies cilicica, Abies equi−trojani, Abies sibirica, Abies koreana, Abies pinsapo, Abies ×insignis, Abies bornmulleriana, Abies homolepsis, Abies holophylla, Abies grandis, Abies concolor, Abies concolor var. violacea, Abies concolor var. lowiana, Abies nordmanniana, Abies ×arnoldiana, Abies nephrolepis and Abies balsamea. The aim of this study was to define the species haplotypes (the length of allele) on the basis of nad5−4 mitochondrial DNA marker detected by capillary electrophoresis. This marker has been suggested as an easy−to−use tool to distinguish species of the Abies genus and it could be species−specific. Seven different haplotypes were identified. The first one appears in the species from Europe, Asia and North America. The second one was detected in firs from Europe and Asia Minor. A. cephalonica and A. sibirica were identified by the third haplotype, which occurs also in A. alba from the Balkan region. The fourth haplotype is characteristic for species from Asia and North America. The fifth and sixth haplotypes were identified in A. pinsapo and A. numidica. The seventh haplotype was detected only in A. holophylla. Applied marker is a very useful for verification of fir species especially allopatric species, less for parapatric ones. This marker is more helpful to exclude the species than to precisely identify them.
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