The common and distinctive structure-functional signs of submerged leaf cells of Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton perfoliatus and Myriophyllum spicatum water plants were studied in the light-, electron- and laser confocal microscopy. There were following common features: stomata were absent in epidermis; the presence of chloroplasts in the epidermis, and the presence of calcium ions in the cell walls, cytoplasm and chloroplasts of the cell epidermis. There were also the differences the presence of cone-like pores only in epidermis walls of M. spicatum, the size of leaves, the size of air spaces, and the amount of chlorophylls a + b. The relative content of Ca²⁺ was two times higher in the cell wall of P. pectinatus and P. perfoliatus leaf epidermis in comparison with M. spicatum. The content of Ca²⁺ in cytoplasm almost did not differ in the epidermal cells of these species. The relative content of cellulose in the walls of M. spicatum leaf was higher by 1.3 times in the comparison with the epidermis of P. pectinatus and P. perfoliatus. Changes in calcium status, cellulose and photosynthesizing pigments content in the cells of submerged leaf depending on plant species and on flooding are discussed.
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