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Fakt przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej stawia wyzwania do zmodyfikowania dotychczasowej polityki ekologicznej Polski. Dąży się do przystosowania istniejących instytucji, a przede wszystkim Narodowego Funduszu Ochrony Środowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej oraz wojewódzkich funduszy ochrony środowiska i gospodarki wodnej, a także Banku Ochrony Środowiska, do zadań wynikających z zarządzania środkami pochodzącymi z funduszy strukturalnych. Ostatnie zmiany wymuszają wypracowanie form i zasad współpracy międzyregionalnej i międzypaństwowej w finansowaniu przedsięwzięć o charakterze regionalnym i europejskim ograniczających zanieczyszczenia transgraniczne, służących zachowaniu bioróżnorodności i produkcji energii odnawialnej z wykorzystaniem środków krajowych, unijnych oraz międzynarodowych publicznych instytucji finansowych.
The paper presents a comparison of prospective financing of environmental protection based on support from the European sources in the programming period 2007-2013 with financing in years 2004-2006. There are special chances of realization the state ecological policy by means of the Regional Operational Programme and the Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment. The article also presents the influence of accession conditions on the level of pro-ecological investments.
Within the last century millions of various dyes have been generated in an attempt to prepare new efficient photocatalysts for their degradation. As fullerenes are commonly known to be effective electron-donor scavengers and are very promising for synergistic reasons, fullerene-titanium dioxide (C60/TiO2) nanocomposites of different mass ratios (1:1, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:100) were prepared. Their photocatalytic properties were examined by investigating methylene blue (MB) degradation. As photodegradation of dye analysis indicated, the C60/TiO2 (1:20) composites were found to demonstrate the highest enhancement of photocatalytic activity. A series of techniques, including SEM and TEM microscopies, Raman and UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopies, along with DSC and TGA analysis, was used to characterize the prepared material. It is expected that obtained composites will be able to create pro-ecological and cheaper methods of water disinfection, decontamination of soil, etc.
Agriculture plays still very essential role in Poland.s economic development. In result of dynamic changes its share in creation of PKB (Gross National Product) was subject to lowering from 12.1% level in 1989 to 4.2% in the year 2006. Processes that proceed in economy are forcing continuous adaptation to market conditions. This process concerns also Polish agriculture, which, following more and more effective utilization of possessed resources, tends towards application of modern technology solutions. The technology progress plays enormous part, particularly in the most capital-intensive agricultural sectors such as special branches.
Many factors influence the persistence of traces of pharmaceuticals in aqueous environments. Most important are the intensity of light and the presence of inorganic ions as well as organic matter. We studied the impact of some environmental factors (humic acids, NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻ ions, solar light intensity, and ambient pH) on the stability and kinetics of photo-reactions of paracetamol, naproxen, and diclofenac. It was stated that paracetamol was photoresistant, while naproxen and diclofenac were photoliable. An addition of NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻ ions or humic acid strongly inhibited photodecomposition of paracetamol. Their presence in the solution of naproxen slowed down its decomposition, while in the case of diclofenac their influence on the kinetics of the photoreaction was neglected. The effect of the presence of the natural matrix on the photoreaction of the studied pharmaceuticals was checked. The influence of certified reference material – a water sample from the Grand River (Canada) and a sample of treated municipal waste – was examined. We observed that the matrix created by treated municipal waste acted as a photo-sensitizer. Its presence in solution accelerated the photodecomposition of all studied compounds.
The behavior of terazosine hydrochloride (TR), representative of the selective at-adrenergic blockers in river water under the influence of sunlight, was tested. Details of the photodegradation process were obtained using principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCRALS) chemometric methods and confirmed by HPLC analysis. Additionally, the impact of some factors important for efficient waste treatment were studied. For this purpose a stability of terazosine aqueous solutions under the influence of UV, UV+H₂O₂, Fenton, and photo-Fenton processes and sunlight was studied. The presence of H₂O₂ and Fe (II) ions increases the rate of transformation. The process of direct photolysis and H₂O₂-assisted photoreaction showed first order kinetics, while dark and photo-Fenton reactions exhibited second-order kinetics.
The aim of the study was to observe the effect of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E supplementation on the course of the regeneration process of the longissimus lumborum muscle after bupivacaine-induced myonecrosis as well as to determine the correlation between the level of those substances in plasma and their levels in damaged and non-damaged muscular tissue in pigs. The obtained results indicate that the course of regeneration of a damaged muscle is affected to a higher extent by coenzyme Q10 than by vitamin E. The administration of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E has a significant impact on the increase in the level of those substances in damaged muscles and plasma of animals.
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