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The paper defined basic concepts connected with manufacturing processes and a classification was proposed for manufacturing operations found in wood industry enterprises. The presented classification was based on the identified constitutive characteristics of individual types of manufacturing operations. The duration of manufacturing operations was analyzed in detail.
The paper discusses principles of establishing the duration of manufacturing cycle for a batch of parts using the computational method. A classification of manufacturing cycle components appropriate for this method is presented, as developed based on the classifications proposed in literature on the subject. The paper gives characteristics of the cycle components, for which the time periods are established. Formulas used to determine the length of manufacturing cycle are presented. Individual types of formulas are applicable depending on the availability of data and demand for a specific degree of result accuracy. Formulas are presented for the engineering period of a cycle taking into consideration serial, parallel and mixed serial-parallel production for a batch of parts.
The manufacturing cycle is a primary problem investigated in the scope of production organization engineering. The paper presents a proposal for a more accurate definition of the manufacturing cycle, as well as presents a characteristic and classification of types of manufacturing cycles applicable in wood industry enterprises. Moreover, the structure of the duration of the manufacturing cycle was discussed and its components are characterized. Hierarchical classification systems connected with the manufacturing cycle and the structure of its duration have been developed.
This paper presents production organisation systems applied in furniture industry enterprises along with diagrams describing their operation. Analyses were conducted on six furniture industry enterprises differing in terms of the number of employees and the type of manufactured products. Companies were selected for analyses on a random basis. The dominant production organisation systems were identified based on interviews with sales and planning department employees, thus providing detailed characteristics of these systems. This study shows that all four business models (ETO, MTO, ATO, MTS) are applied in furniture industry. It was observed that the type of the adopted business model was to a considerable degree connected with the type of manufactured products.
The aim of this study is to conduct a systemic analysis of primary processes observed in a manufacturing enterprise. The concepts of a simple and complex process were defined. Two process profiles in an enterprise were introduced in relation to the time axis: vertical and horizontal. As a result of the vertical profile three processes were distinguished and defined: premanufacturing, manufacturing and post-manufacturing. In turn, in the horizontal profile the management and executive processes were distinguished and characterised. Applied divisions constitute the basis for the classification of all the other processes, which depending on the needs are distinguished in a manufacturing enterprise. Results of the analysis may be used e.g. as the basis for identification of other processes when applying the reengineering method in restructuring of enterprises.
The paper discusses methods to determine the size of a batch of products (parts), which may be applied in the organisation of manufacturing processes in wood industry enterprises, particularly furniture industry enterprises. Three basic methods are characterised: economic analysis based on technical indicators, the costing method and the graphic method, respectively. For the first two methods formulas are derived and discussed for the determination of batch size.
The road leading to the establishment of the UPC bar code standard, which initiated the development of a family of line codes is discussed. Based on the UPC code the structure of a bar code is presented together with the principles of its reading using a laser scanner. The structure of the EAN-13 code is characterised and its evolution towards a global standard, i.e. the GS1 system, currently predominant in logistics is shown. The area of the GS1 system applications and the structure of the logistics label applied within this system are presented.
The paper presents relationships found between financial planning and actions preceding this planning. These operations constitute a procedural series and outline the concept of activities, which eventually provide cohesion to material and financial plans with the economic outcomes forecasted by the enterprise management. A starting point in this procedure is provided by the company resources. Four basic types of resources are characterised and the application of SWOT analyses is discussed to determine the internal condition of the company and external factors affecting their functioning. Four types of strategies are presented, which may be constructed based on the results of SWOT analyses. Selection of the development of strategy of an enterprise, typical of its situation, influences the status of material plans. Types of material planning are characterised and their relationships with respective types of financial planning are indicated. It was proposed to construct material and financial plans based on the approach consisting in their cyclical corrections, feedback-based functioning, up to the achievement of the expected level of profit.
The paper presents algorithms for the collection of information on the component structure in complex products. Lists of such information are discussed in the form of implosions: single-level, multi-level and aggregated. Bills of materials and components were developed using the concepts of the immediate master and immediate slave components. Proposed algorithms for information gathering may be coded in selected programming languages and in this form used in data bases supporting production management processes in industrial enterprises manufacturing assembled products. Application of algorithms was illustrated using an example of a furniture product.
The paper discusses decisive factors for the implementation of flexible manufacturing systems in industrial enterprises. The basic characteristics of flexible production systems are presented, the functional structure of these systems is given and their organisational forms are shown. Advantages and drawbacks of flexible manufacturing systems are discussed in comparison to conventional manufacturing processes.
The paper presents algorithms for the listing of information on bills of materials for assembled products. Bills of materials were distinguished into explosions: single-level, multi-level and aggregate. Bills of materials were developed using the concepts of the master and slave components. Proposed algorithms for information gathering may be coded in selected programming languages and in this form used in data bases supporting production management processes in industrial enterprises manufacturing assembled products. Application of algorithms was illustrated using an example of a furniture product.
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