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Testing of maize hybrids productivity has been performed in 25 basic experiments in localities representing various soil types and climatic regions. The results discussed in the article concern registered hybrids, both domestic and foreign, from 1972. List of tested hybrids was modified each year after registration of new cultivars and removing the inferior ones. The number of registered hybrids has increased gradually. The experiments are split in two series - growing for grain and for silage. The major criteria of evaluation of hybrids destined for grain are yield of grain, its moisture content at harvest as a measure of earliness and lodging resistance. Hybrids destined for silage are evaluated according to the total dry matter yield, dry matter yield of ears and dry matter content in whole plants. The yield of hybrids and its fluctuations, as well as their earliness were the basis for evaluation of economic value of hybrids in long run. Yields of maize hybrids were compared to that of spring barley. Yearly averages, moving averages for a 5-year interval and the regression coefficients of main parameters against the years were calculated. The trends of presented characters of maize in the last 25 years were determined. Conclusions: 1. Since 1972 only hybrids made of inbred lines were registered. Recently the number of SC type hybrids is increasing. 2. A significant progress in maize breeding and agronomy, expressed in higher productivity, earliness and better yield structure has occurred in the last 25 years. 3. Polish agriculture does not make full use of the yield potential of maize. The area of its cultivation is very small as compared to the needs and natural possibilities. 4. Higt competition among the seed companies on the Polish seed market results in an increasing importance of promotion of the hybrids.
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