Man, when creating modern civilization which releases him from pursuing „hard” physical labor, did not see that the increasing level of technical equipment also requires a high level of manifestation of various movement abilities, particularly those of coordination. The desirable abilities and qualities of a good employee have become: precision of movements, speed and adequacy of reactions, ability to differentiation movements, space-time orientation, adaptation to changing conditions and others. They require an effective functioning of the nervous system. The results of research showed a 93% decrease in the human movement activity in the years 1864–1964. This caused a decrease in the level of movement fitness, and along with it an increase of overweight people of all ages amounting to 1.600 million people worldwide. According to forecasts by the World Health Organization this number may increase by 40% in 2017. A comprehensive approach to the importance of movement was presented by Aristotle, who expressed the relationship very briefly: „Movement is life.” He pointed at the forefront importance of movement by stating: our life begins with it and ends with it. All our creative and reproductive activities, regardless of their nature – productive, professional, artistic, everyday or sport – always manifest themselves in movement! Movement is a universal expression of every living organism! Some consider Aristotle as the father of the science of movement others consider N. Dally who was the author of the first textbook on „Cinesiologie” which contained studies of human movements and their relation to education, hygiene and therapy. The scientific justification for movement became possible only in the twentieth century. N.A. Bernstein with his fundamental works: „The building of movements” and „Outline of physiology of movements and physiology of activities” contributed significantly to the understanding of the essence of movement. His works were much ahead of the times in which he lived himself. N. Bernstein was considered as one of the founders of modern science of movements. This science has many names. The multitude and variety of names demonstrates the interest by numerous specialists of various areas of expertise in this scientific discipline, which has been developing over the years. This interest is justified as the science of movement has a universal meaning. The development of a new scientific discipline opens up enormous and little-known research area. Therefore, it creates prospects for the multi-interdisciplinary research. Out of the proposed names the most appropriate seem to be kinesiology or anthropokinesiology, although the first concept may also apply to animals, whereas the second defines precisely the subject of interest. This name indicates the independence of scientific discipline and emphasizes its scientific status. Its tradition dates back to nearly 160 years, when in 1857 N. Dally called his book „Cinesiologie”. The multiplicity of names reveals the range of the thematic study about movement, as well as the number of competitors among which the competition takes place. Part of this naming emphasizes human movements combined with the structure of the body (Anthropomotorics, Kinantropology, Anthropomaximology), or with psychic manifestations (Psychomotorics, Sensomotorics)
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