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1
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Leukocyte modifications during the first month after foaling in mares and their newborn foals

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Piccione G., Rizzo M., Arfuso F., Giannetto C., Di Pietro S., Bazzano M., Quartuccio M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2015
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tom 18
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nr 3
During early post-partum period both neonatal foals and peripartum mares are most susceptible to diseases. The aim of this study was to establish physiologic modifications of leukogram during the first month after foaling in mares and their newborn foals. To this end blood samples were collected from nine mares and nine foals (T0-T10), every three days from the 1st day until the 30th day after foaling. Samples were analysed for white blood cell (WBC) count and differential leucocyte counts. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed, in postpartum mares WBC showed significant higher values at T0 (9.02±0.76) in respect to other time points, and at T2 (8.08±0.53) and T3 (7.92±0.59) compared to T1 (6.98±0.43), whereas in foals lower WBC values at T0 (6.11±0.49) compared to other experimental periods except T1 (6.90±0.94), and at T1 compared to T8 (7.95±0.61) and T10 (7.90±0.36) were observed. The differential leucocyte counts showed significant modifications in the percentage of neutrophils (π<0.001) and lymphocytes (p<0.001) both in postpartum mares and in foals during the experimental period. Furthermore ANOVA showed significant differences between postpartum mares and foals (P<0.01) in all studied parameters, and between postpartum mares and control mares in WBC and neutrophils values. The obtained results provide suitable information about the influence of foaling on leukogram of periparturient mares and reveal WBC dynamics in newborn foals during the first month post-partum.
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Different training schedules influence platelet aggregation in show jumping horses

100%
Giannetto C., Arfuso F., Fazio F., Giudice E., Di Pietro S., Bruschetta D., Piccione G.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2017
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tom 20
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nr 1
Depending on the intensity, duration and type of physical exercise, equine metabolism has to adapt to nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine and respiratory system requirements. In horses, exercise and training are known to have considerable effects on the mechanisms of hemostatic system involving platelet activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different training schedules on platelet aggregation in 15 Italian Saddle jumping horses. Animals were divided into three equal groups: Group A was subjected to a high intensity-training program; group B to a light training program, group C included sedentary horses. From each animal, blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture at rest on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days, and afterwards, once a week, for a total of 5 weeks data recording, in order to assess the maximum degree of platelet aggregation and the initial velocity of aggregation (slope) platelet aggregation. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of the different training schedules on studied parameters. The results revealed a different degree of platelet aggregation and a different initial velocity of platelet aggregation that changes during the different training schedules in horses that could represent a different protective endothelial mechanism. These findings could have an important role for a clearer knowledge of the physiological reference values of platelet aggregation and for a better interpretation of these variations during the training.
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Infrared thermography as a rapid and non-invasive diagnostic tool to detect inflammatory foot diseases in dairy cows

100%
Gianesella M., Arfuso F., Fiore E., Giambelluca S., Giudice E., Armato L., Piccione G.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2018
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tom 21
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nr 2
4

Iron metabolism modification during repeated show jumping ewent in equine athletes

100%
Piccione G., Rizzo M., Arfuso F., Bruschetta D., Giudice E., Assenza A.
Annals of Animal Science
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2017
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tom 17
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nr 1
5

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cortisol levels during late pregnancy and post-foaling period in mares

100%
Piccione G., Arfuso F., Abbate F., Giannetto C., Panzera M., Rizzo M., Fazio F.
Animal Science Papers and Reports
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2017
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tom 35
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nr 2
The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels in mares during peripartum period. Twelve pregnant mares (Group A) were weekly monitored from the last 6 weeks before foaling (6BF-1BF) until the first 3 weeks after foaling (1AF-3AF). Twelve non-pregnant non-lactating mares constituted the control (Group B). Jugular blood samples were analyzed for plasma ACTH and serum cortisol concentration. ACTH showed higher values (P<0.05) at 1BF compared to the postpartum data points (1AF, 2AF and 3AF) in Group A. Cortisol levels were higher (P<0.05) at 1BF and 2BF compared to the 3AF in Group A. A significant positive correlation between ACTH and cortisol values was found in mares from Group A throughout the peripartum period (Pearson’s r=0.40; P=0.0028). The Dunnet’s test showed lower ACTH values in Group A at postpartum data points than control, and higher cortisol levels in Group A throughout prepartum times and at 1AF than control (P<0.0001). The decrease of ACTH and cortisol levels found during the early postpartum period could indicate a reduced HPA response to physical and/or psychological stress during this physiological phase. This could help the mare to protect against stress-associated inhibition of lactation, relieve psychological stress, and enhance her immune function. Further studies involving the evaluation of prolactin and sex steroid hormones values are needed to fully understand the dynamic hormonal changes occurring in pregnant and lactating mares in order to permit clinicians to make appropriate interpretation of the results.
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